OCS Orthopedic Assessment & Diagnosis

Question 1

What is the most common test for assessing rotator cuff tears?

Accepted Answer

Empty Can Test

Answer

The Empty Can Test, also known as Jobe's Test, is specifically designed to assess the integrity of the supraspinatus muscle, which is the most commonly injured rotator cuff muscle. During the test, the patient's arm is abducted to 90 degrees in the scapular plane with the thumb pointing down, and resistance is applied. Pain or weakness during this maneuver is highly indicative of a supraspinatus tear or tendinopathy.

Question 2

Which muscle is primarily involved in impingement syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Answer

Shoulder impingement syndrome primarily involves the compression of the rotator cuff tendons and the subacromial bursa beneath the acromion. The supraspinatus tendon is particularly vulnerable due to its anatomical position, passing through a narrow space. Repetitive overhead movements can cause this tendon to become inflamed and irritated, leading to the characteristic pain of impingement.

Question 3

Which of the following is an indicator of a positive shoulder impingement test?

Accepted Answer

Pain at full flexion

Answer

A positive shoulder impingement test, such as Neer's or Hawkins-Kennedy, typically elicits pain when the arm is moved into positions that compress the subacromial structures. Pain at full flexion, as seen in Neer's test where the arm is passively raised, indicates impingement of the rotator cuff tendons or bursa under the acromion. This compression causes pain due to inflammation or irritation of these structures.

Question 4

Which test is typically used to assess lumbar disc herniation?

Accepted Answer

Straight Leg Raise Test

Answer

The Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test is a classic neurological examination used to detect lumbar disc herniation and nerve root compression. When the affected leg is passively raised, it stretches the sciatic nerve. If a herniated disc is compressing a nerve root, this stretch will elicit radiating pain down the leg, confirming nerve impingement.

Question 5

What is the typical treatment for mild ACL sprains?

Accepted Answer

R.I.C.E. Protocol

Answer

For mild ACL sprains (Grade I), the R.I.C.E. protocol (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) is the initial and often sufficient treatment. This conservative approach aims to reduce pain and swelling, allowing the ligament to heal naturally without surgical intervention. Surgical reconstruction is typically reserved for more severe tears or for athletes requiring high-level knee stability.

(OCS) Orthopedic Certified Specialist Practice Test

(OCS) Orthopedic Certified Specialist Practice Test

OCS Orthopedic Assessment & Diagnosis