Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) uses a distance-vector algorithm to determine the best path for routing data within an autonomous system.
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is used to exchange routing information between routers in different autonomous systems on the internet.
Static routing involves manually configuring routes, while dynamic routing protocols automatically adjust routes based on network changes.
Routers direct data packets from one network to another, determining the best path for the data to travel based on IP addresses.
The routing table contains information about network destinations and the best paths to reach them, used by routers to forward packets.