FREE NAVLE Small Animal Internal Medicine Questions and Answers

Question 1

A 7-year-old intact female Labrador Retriever presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and a history of recurrent urinary tract infections.
On physical examination, she is bright, alert, and responsive, with no significant abnormalities noted.
Blood work reveals hyperglycemia (350 mg/dL) and glucosuria.
Urinalysis shows a specific gravity of 1.010 and bacteriuria.
What is the most appropriate initial diagnostic step to differentiate between diabetes mellitus and Cushing's disease as the cause of these signs?

Accepted Answer

Fructosamine level

Answer

Urine culture and sensitivity

Answer

Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test

Answer

Abdominal ultrasound

Question 2

Which of the following is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in dogs?

Accepted Answer

Lymphoma

Answer

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer

Vitamin D toxicosis

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 3

A 10-year-old male neutered cat presents with a 2-week history of lethargy, anorexia, and vomiting. On physical examination, he is dehydrated and has a palpable, painful cranial abdominal mass. Blood work reveals azotemia, hyperkalemia, and hyponatremia. A complete blood count shows a mild non-regenerative anemia. Which condition is most likely given these findings?

Accepted Answer

Adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's-like disease)

Answer

Chronic kidney disease

Answer

Acute pancreatitis

Answer

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

Question 4

What is the primary mechanism by which non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause renal injury in veterinary patients?

Accepted Answer

Decreased renal blood flow due to prostaglandin inhibition

Answer

Direct nephrotoxicity to tubular cells

Answer

Formation of urinary calculi

Answer

Immune-mediated glomerulonephritis

Question 5

A 5-year-old spayed female Domestic Shorthair cat presents with acute onset of bilateral hindlimb paresis and pain. On physical examination, her hindlimbs are cold to the touch, and the femoral pulses are absent. Her mucous membranes are pale, and her heart rate is elevated. What is the most likely underlying condition causing these signs?

Accepted Answer

Aortic thromboembolism

Answer

Intervertebral disc disease

Answer

Hypokalemic myopathy

Answer

Diabetic neuropathy

Question 6

Which diagnostic test is considered the gold standard for confirming exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) in dogs?

Accepted Answer

Serum canine trypsin-like immunoreactivity (cTLI)

Answer

Fecal elastase concentration

Answer

Fecal fat analysis

Answer

Serum amylase and lipase