Free IT Bachelor's Degree in Information Technology Practice Questions and Answers — Questions and Answers
Question 1: When testing top-down designs, the ___ is utilized as a dummy module.
- Sub module
- Test module
- Stub module (Correct answer)
- Dummy module
Correct answer: Stub module
In top-down testing, higher-level modules are tested first, and lower-level modules that are not yet developed or integrated are simulated. A 'stub module' is a dummy program unit used for this purpose; it provides a minimal implementation to allow the calling module to be tested, returning predefined values or performing basic actions. This enables incremental testing without waiting for all components to be complete.
Question 2: A thorough business process-driven approach for planning information systems is _____.
- Business systems planning (Correct answer)
- Information technology architecture
- Critical success factors
- Application portfolio
Correct answer: Business systems planning
Business Systems Planning (BSP) is a structured, top-down methodology developed by IBM for analyzing an organization's information needs and planning its information systems architecture. It focuses on identifying the business processes and the data required to support them, leading to a comprehensive and integrated plan for information systems development that is driven by business requirements.
Question 3: In data flow diagrams, the ________________ process describes the most detailed level of the flow.
- Transform descriptions
- Data flows
- Functional primitives (Correct answer)
- Interfaces
Correct answer: Functional primitives
In Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs), 'functional primitives' represent the lowest level of decomposition for a process. These are processes that cannot be further broken down into more detailed subprocesses, indicating the fundamental, atomic operations within the system. They describe the most granular and detailed level of data transformation within the flow.
Question 4: URL is an acronym for _______.
- unified record locator
- uniform record locator
- uniform resource locator (Correct answer)
- uninterrupted data locator
Correct answer: uniform resource locator
URL is an acronym for Uniform Resource Locator. It is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that provides a way to locate a resource on the internet, specifying its location and the mechanism for retrieving it (e.g., http://, ftp://). This standard format allows web browsers and other software to access resources across the network.
Question 5: How many tiers are there in the database's architecture?
- 2
- 3 (Correct answer)
- 1
- 4
Correct answer: 3
Database architecture is commonly described using a three-tier schema architecture. These tiers are the external level (how users view the data), the conceptual level (the logical structure of the entire database), and the internal level (the physical storage structure). This three-level approach provides data independence, allowing changes at one level without affecting the others.
Question 6: Number of OSI layers in total.
- 11
- 9
- 5
- 7 (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 7
The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system. It is composed of exactly seven distinct layers, each responsible for specific network functions. This layered approach helps in understanding, designing, and troubleshooting network architectures by breaking down complex processes into manageable parts.
Question 7: Which language is the UNIX operating system actually written in?
- C (Correct answer)
- C#
- .Net
- C++
Correct answer: C
The UNIX operating system was primarily written in the C programming language. This decision, made by Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson at Bell Labs, allowed UNIX to be highly portable across different hardware platforms, a significant advantage over systems written in assembly language. C's efficiency and low-level memory access capabilities made it ideal for system programming, influencing many subsequent operating systems.
Free IT Bachelor's Degree in Information Technology Practice Questions and Answers
When testing top-down designs, the ___ is utilized as a dummy module.