CRS Research Design & Methodology

Question 1

What is the purpose of a research hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Predict the relationship between variables

Answer

A research hypothesis is a testable statement that proposes a specific relationship or difference between two or more variables. It serves as an educated guess or prediction about the outcome of a study, guiding the research design and data collection. The purpose is to provide a clear, concise, and falsifiable statement that can be empirically investigated, forming the basis for scientific inquiry.

Question 2

Which design is best for studying cause and effect?

Accepted Answer

Experimental

Answer

Experimental design is specifically structured to establish cause-and-effect relationships by manipulating one or more independent variables and observing their effect on a dependent variable. This typically involves random assignment of participants to experimental and control groups, allowing researchers to isolate the impact of the intervention. By controlling extraneous variables, experimental studies provide the strongest evidence for causality.

Question 3

What does validity in research refer to?

Accepted Answer

Accuracy of measurement

Answer

Validity in research refers to the extent to which a study accurately measures what it intends to measure or accurately reflects the reality it aims to represent. It addresses whether the research findings are truthful and credible, ensuring that the conclusions drawn are sound. For example, if a survey claims to measure job satisfaction, its validity would depend on whether the questions truly capture that construct.

Question 4

Which sampling method selects participants randomly?

Accepted Answer

Random sampling

Answer

Random sampling is a probability sampling method where every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the study. This technique ensures that the sample is representative of the larger population, minimizing bias and increasing the generalizability of the research findings. It is a cornerstone for achieving statistical inference, allowing researchers to draw conclusions about the entire population from the sample data.

Question 5

What is the role of a control group in research?

Accepted Answer

Serve as baseline comparison

Answer

In an experimental study, the control group is a group of participants who do not receive the experimental treatment or intervention. Their purpose is to provide a baseline against which the effects of the treatment administered to the experimental group can be compared. This allows researchers to determine if the observed changes in the experimental group are truly due to the intervention or other confounding factors, thus isolating the treatment's effect.

(CRS) Certified Research Specialist Practice Test

(CRS) Certified Research Specialist Practice Test

CRS Research Design & Methodology