Explanation:
A fistula is usually created in the forearm, near the wrist. This is the most common location for an arteriovenous (AV) fistula, which is a type of vascular access for hemodialysis. An AV fistula is a surgical connection between an artery and a vein that allows blood to flow from the artery to the vein. This creates a larger and stronger vein that can be used for repeated needle insertions during dialysis treatments.
Explanation:
The trade name that is not correctly matched with its generic name is Bentcard, Olmesartan. Bentcard is not a valid trade name for any drug, and olmesartan is a generic name for an angiotensin II receptor blocker that is used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. The correct trade names for olmesartan include Benicar, Olmetec, and Olmesar.
Explanation:
The correct answer is calcium, phosphorus, and PTH. These are the main lab values that are monitored for assessing bone disease. Calcium and phosphorus are essential minerals for bone health, and PTH is a hormone that regulates their levels in the blood and bone.
Explanation:
The first action that should be taken if a patient goes into cardiac arrest during hemodialysis is to call for help. This ensures that additional medical support is on the way, and then CPR should be initiated promptly. Other steps, such as stopping ultrafiltration or returning the patient's blood, can be addressed after these initial life-saving measures are underway.
Explanation:
Fluid removal goal = Pre-dialysis weight - Dry weight + Prime and rinse back
In this case, the pre-dialysis weight is 75.5 kg, the dry weight is 72 kg, and the prime and rinse back is 500 ml (0.5 kg). Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Fluid removal goal = 75.5 kg - 72 kg + 0.5 kg Fluid removal goal = 4 kg
Therefore, Mr. Jones’ fluid removal goal for today is 4 kg, which is equivalent to 4 liters or 4000 ml of fluid.
Explanation:
The correct answer is to refer the patient to a social worker. This action would help the patient address his loneliness and depression by connecting him with appropriate resources and support. It would also maintain the professional boundaries between the technician and the patient, which are essential for ensuring the safety and well-being of both parties.
Explanation:
The correct answer is balancing the cost of treatment against the advantage of the treatment is a dilemma that may face a physician. A dilemma is a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially equally undesirable ones. A physician may have to weigh the benefits and risks of different treatment options for a patient, as well as consider the financial implications for the patient and the health care system.
Explanation:
The generic and brand names that are incorrectly matched are Miglitol/Glucophage. Miglitol is a generic name for an oral anti-diabetic drug that belongs to the class of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Glucophage is a brand name for another oral anti-diabetic drug that belongs to the class of biguanides. The generic name for Glucophage is metformin, and the brand name for miglitol is Glyset.
Explanation:
The appropriate time for labeling a patient specimen is immediately after collection. This is to ensure that the specimen is correctly identified and linked to the patient, and to prevent errors that may compromise the quality and accuracy of the laboratory testing and results.
Explanation:
The first American Medical Association code of ethics was written in 1847. This was the year when the AMA was founded, and one of its main purposes was to establish the world’s first national code of medical ethics.
Explanation:
When a conductivity alarm sounds during hemodialysis treatment, it indicates that there is a problem with the conductivity of the dialysate solution. The dialysate solution is a crucial component of hemodialysis, as it helps remove waste products from the patient's blood. In summary, if a conductivity alarm is sounding during hemodialysis treatment, the most likely event to have occurred is that the dialyzer was bypassed. The technician should promptly investigate this issue to ensure that the treatment is proceeding safely and effectively.
