FREE CMSRN Medical-Surgical Nursing Trivia Questions and Answers
For the treatment of angina pectoris, a patient has been given a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerine. What action taken by the client demonstrates that he is aware of a crucial aspect of this medication?
Explanation:
When exposed to light and heat, nitroglycerine gradually loses its effectiveness, so I always have a tiny, labeled case with a few of the pills with me. The tablets need to be stored in a dark, dry, and cool environment. Tablets should be taken 5 minutes apart; taking more than one pill at a time might actually reduce the effectiveness of the medication and may even result in severe hypotension. Customers should purchase fresh bottles every 6 months, and they should store them in a cold environment.
A veteran of the Gulf, Mr. Smith, 53, received a PTCA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty). When the nurse looked over his chart four hours after the surgery, she saw that neither his vital signs nor the catheter had changed since he had returned. A 12-lead ECG is obtained by the nurse, who observes that the client exhibits ST depression. Chest discomfort is denied by Mr. Smith. Which of the following should the nurse do as her next move?
Explanation:
ST depression should be reported to the doctor right away because they are a symptom of ischemia. The nurse should continue to check the client for chest pain after taking this first step, which is the best course of action.
Continuous ECG monitoring for a patient at a hospital reveals that the rhythm has altered to ventricular tachycardia. What should the nurse do first out of the options below?
Explanation:
Assessing the client's degree of consciousness and determining whether the ventricular tachycardia is perfusing the body are the best first steps. An ACLS-certified nurse administers urgent defibrillation for pulseless ventricular tachycardia. The nurse may deliver lidocaine as directed or, in some circumstances, give the client a precordial thump if they have good blood pressure and pulse, are awake, and are alert.
The nurse is taking care of Mrs. Dela Rosa, a 47-year-old Filipina woman who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery on the third postoperative day. What is the optimal nursing strategy given that an important nursing diagnosis for post-CABG clients is an inadequate breathing pattern?
Explanation:
For these individuals, incentive spirometry and deep breathing are the go-to lung expansion methods. It is not recommended for post-CABG patients to cough vigorously since it could increase intrathoracic pressure and lead to sternal instability. Premedication before walking will promote activity intolerance rather than an effective breathing pattern; auscultating the lungs will identify atypical lung sounds brought on by an ineffective breathing pattern but this is not a method to promote an effective breathing pattern.
Based on ECG alterations, the doctor has determined that Mr. Stanford, a 67-year-old retired college professor who collapsed in his front yard and was taken to the emergency room, had a myocardial infarction. Mr. Stanford is being routinely evaluated by the nurse, who observes that he frequently forgets what the ECG and non-invasive blood pressure monitors are for. Which of the following best explains Mr. Stanford's response, according to the nurse?
Memory lapses are common with clients experiencing myocardial infarction
Intern Jane, age 24, was identified as having mitral stenosis. The nurse may discover the following in addition to hearing a murmur during the physical examination:
Explanation:
The left atrium grows larger as a result of mitral stenosis, which eventually raises pulmonary pressure and causes jugular vein distention. Aortic valve anomalies are linked to dyspnea upon exercise and syncope upon exertion. Aortic stenosis is related to angina.
The central venous pressure (CVP) of a patient who has congestive heart failure and acute pulmonary edema is continuously monitored. Which of the following describes a successful treatment plan for the client?
Explanation:
One of the therapeutic aims for this client is to reduce fluid in the vascular space, which is shown by a decrease in central venous pressure. Greater central venous pressure denotes greater fluid in the vascular space, which is not the desired outcome.