Free Certified Gastroenterology RN Trivia Question and Answers — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which stage of digestion is not existent?
- Absorption
- Propulsion
- Expulsion (Correct answer)
- Ingestion
Correct answer: Expulsion
The main stages of digestion include ingestion (taking in food), propulsion (moving food through the digestive tract), mechanical and chemical digestion (breaking down food), absorption (nutrients entering the bloodstream), and defecation (elimination of undigested waste). 'Expulsion' is not a recognized distinct stage in the physiological process of digestion, although defecation involves expelling waste.
Question 2: Saliva is created by what?
- The opening in the mouth
- The salivary glands (Correct answer)
- Crown glands
- None of the above
Correct answer: The salivary glands
Saliva is produced and secreted by the salivary glands, which are exocrine glands located in and around the mouth. These glands, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, produce saliva that aids in digestion, lubrication, and oral hygiene. The opening in the mouth is where saliva is released, not where it is created.
Question 3: What is the name of the semi-liquid that the stomach acid produced?
- Chowder
- Luma
- Thyme
- Chyme (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Chyme
After food is thoroughly mixed with gastric juices (stomach acid and enzymes) in the stomach, it is transformed into a semi-liquid, acidic paste called chyme. This chyme is then gradually released into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption. This process is essential for breaking down food into a form usable by the body.
Question 4: What are the names of stomach mucosa openings?
- Gastric pits (Correct answer)
- Opening
- Gastric glands
- Pits
Correct answer: Gastric pits
The surface of the stomach mucosa is lined with millions of tiny indentations called gastric pits. These pits lead down into the gastric glands, which contain various cells that secrete gastric juice components like hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen, and mucus. These secretions are essential for chemical digestion in the stomach.
Question 5: What digestive enzymes are present in the mouth?
- Amylase (Correct answer)
- Pepsin
- Lipids
- None of the above
Correct answer: Amylase
Saliva, produced in the mouth, contains the enzyme salivary amylase (also known as ptyalin). This enzyme begins the chemical digestion of carbohydrates by breaking down complex starches into simpler sugars. This initial breakdown prepares food for further digestion in the stomach and small intestine.
Question 6: What function does the small intestine have?
- Absorb water
- Produce Chyme
- Absorb food
- Absorb nutrients (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Absorb nutrients
The small intestine is the primary site for the chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients from digested food. Its long, convoluted structure and specialized lining with villi and microvilli maximize the surface area for efficient absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals into the bloodstream. Water absorption primarily occurs in the large intestine.
Question 7: What absorbs in the large intestine?
- Nutrients
- Chyme
- Food
- Water (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Water
The primary function of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter. This process helps to solidify the stool before it is eliminated from the body. While some vitamins (like K and B vitamins produced by gut bacteria) are absorbed, its main role is water reabsorption.
Free Certified Gastroenterology RN Trivia Question and Answers
Which stage of digestion is not existent?