The S phase (Synthesis phase) of the cell cycle is when DNA replication occurs, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes during cell division.
The mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell because they generate most of the cell's energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through a process called cellular respiration.
Ribosomes are responsible for assembling amino acids into proteins based on instructions from messenger RNA (mRNA). They can be found floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Osmosis is the process by which water molecules move from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane to maintain balance.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that stores genetic information used for the growth, development, and reproduction of most living organisms. It provides instructions for protein synthesis.
