FRACGP Chronic Disease Management

Question 1

Which HbA1c target is generally recommended for most adults with type 2 diabetes in Australian general practice?

Accepted Answer

Less than 7.0%

Answer

An HbA1c of less than 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) is the standard target for most adults with type 2 diabetes, balancing glycaemic control with minimising hypoglycaemia risk.

Question 2

A 65-year-old patient with hypertension and chronic kidney disease (eGFR 45 mL/min/1.73m²) presents for medication review. Which antihypertensive class is most recommended as first-line in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitor or ARB

Answer

ACE inhibitors and ARBs are preferred in patients with CKD and hypertension due to their nephroprotective effects and reduction in proteinuria progression.

Question 3

According to COPD management guidelines, which intervention has the greatest evidence for reducing mortality in patients with severe COPD and resting hypoxaemia?

Accepted Answer

Long-term oxygen therapy

Answer

Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) for ≥15 hours/day has the strongest evidence for reducing mortality in COPD patients with resting hypoxaemia (PaO2 ≤55 mmHg).

Question 4

A patient with established cardiovascular disease is commenced on a statin. What is the primary LDL-cholesterol target recommended in Australian guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Less than 1.8 mmol/L

Answer

For patients with established cardiovascular disease (secondary prevention), Australian guidelines recommend an LDL-C target of less than 1.8 mmol/L.

Question 5

Which medication used in heart failure management has been shown to reduce both hospitalisation and mortality and belongs to the SGLT2 inhibitor class?

Accepted Answer

Empagliflozin

Answer

Empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) has demonstrated significant reductions in heart failure hospitalisation and cardiovascular mortality in the EMPEROR-Reduced and EMPEROR-Preserved trials.

(FRACGP) Fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners Practice Test

(FRACGP) Fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners Practice Test

FRACGP Chronic Disease Management