FRACGP Chronic Disease Management 2

Question 1

Which screening interval is recommended for colorectal cancer using the faecal occult blood test (FOBT) in average-risk adults in Australia?

Accepted Answer

Every 2 years

Answer

The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program in Australia recommends FOBT every 2 years for average-risk adults aged 50–74 years.

Question 2

A patient with type 2 diabetes is started on metformin. At what eGFR threshold should metformin be discontinued due to risk of lactic acidosis?

Accepted Answer

eGFR below 30 mL/min/1.73m²

Answer

Metformin is contraindicated when eGFR falls below 30 mL/min/1.73m² due to impaired renal clearance increasing the risk of metformin accumulation and lactic acidosis.

Question 3

In chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), which combination of medications forms the cornerstone of evidence-based therapy?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitor/ARB, beta-blocker, and MRA

Answer

The evidence-based triad for HFrEF includes an ACE inhibitor or ARB (or ARNI), a beta-blocker, and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), all proven to reduce mortality.

Question 4

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is started on methotrexate. Which supplement should be co-prescribed to reduce the risk of adverse effects?

Accepted Answer

Folic acid

Answer

Folic acid supplementation (5 mg weekly or 1 mg daily) is co-prescribed with methotrexate to reduce folate-antagonist side effects such as mucositis, nausea, and hepatotoxicity.

Question 5

Which spirometry result pattern is most consistent with COPD?

Accepted Answer

FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.70 post-bronchodilator with reduced FEV1

Answer

COPD is defined by a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio of less than 0.70, indicating fixed airflow obstruction with a reduced FEV1 reflecting the degree of severity.

(FRACGP) Fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners Practice Test

(FRACGP) Fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners Practice Test

FRACGP Chronic Disease Management 2