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Shock Management and Resuscitation Flashcards

6 cards from real FP-C practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A hypotensive patient is diagnosed with tension pneumothorax. After needle decompression, the pressure is relieved but hypotension persists. What is the most likely explanation?

    Answer: Concurrent hemorrhagic shock from associated injuries

    Persistent hypotension after successful tension pneumothorax decompression should prompt evaluation for concurrent hemorrhage or other causes of obstructive/hypovolemic shock.

  2. What is the primary mechanism by which tranexamic acid (TXA) improves outcomes in hemorrhagic shock?

    Answer: Inhibits fibrinolysis by blocking plasminogen activation

    Tranexamic acid competitively inhibits plasminogen activation, preventing clot breakdown (fibrinolysis) and preserving existing thrombus in hemorrhagic wounds.

  3. A patient in septic shock remains hypotensive after norepinephrine uptitration. Which second-line vasopressor is recommended to spare catecholamine dosing?

    Answer: Vasopressin 0.03-0.04 units/min

    Vasopressin at 0.03-0.04 units/min is the standard add-on vasopressor for refractory septic shock, acting via V1 receptors independently of adrenergic pathways.

  4. Which end-point best indicates adequate resuscitation has been achieved in a septic shock patient during transport?

    Answer: Lactate clearance ≥10% and urine output ≥0.5 mL/kg/hr

    Lactate clearance of at least 10% combined with adequate urine output indicates improved tissue perfusion and is a validated resuscitation endpoint in sepsis.

  5. In hemorrhagic shock, what is the maximum crystalloid volume recommended before transitioning to blood products per damage control resuscitation principles?

    Answer: 1-1.5 L

    Damage control resuscitation limits crystalloid to 1-1.5 L before transitioning to blood products to avoid dilutional coagulopathy and excessive interstitial edema.

  6. Which type of shock is MOST likely in a patient with a history of recent myocardial infarction who now presents with respiratory distress, bilateral crackles, S3 gallop, and hypotension?

    Answer: Cardiogenic shock

    Post-MI presentation with pulmonary edema, S3 gallop, and hypotension is classic for cardiogenic shock from left ventricular pump failure.