Fitness Lessons Exercise Physiology Basics 2

Question 1

What is the role of mitochondria in muscle cells during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Produce ATP through aerobic metabolism

Answer

Store glycogen for energy

Answer

Release calcium for muscle contraction

Answer

Synthesize muscle proteins

Question 2

Which physiological adaptation occurs with regular endurance training?

Accepted Answer

Increased stroke volume of the heart

Answer

Decreased capillary density

Answer

Reduced mitochondrial density

Answer

Lower VO2 max

Question 3

What is excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC)?

Accepted Answer

Elevated oxygen consumption after exercise to restore the body to baseline

Answer

The extra oxygen inhaled during warm-up

Answer

Oxygen debt built up before exercise

Answer

Reduced oxygen use during cool-down

Question 4

Which hormone is primarily responsible for muscle protein synthesis after resistance exercise?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 5

What does the term 'motor unit' refer to?

Accepted Answer

A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates

Answer

A single muscle fiber

Answer

The neuromuscular junction only

Answer

A group of synergistic muscles

Question 6

What is the primary fuel source during low-intensity, long-duration exercise?

Accepted Answer

Fat (lipids)

Answer

Carbohydrates (glycogen)

Answer

Protein (amino acids)

Answer

Creatine phosphate