FED (Psychological) 2

Question 1

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The gap between what a learner can do alone and with guidance

Answer

The ZPD represents the distance between a learner's independent capability and what they can achieve with expert scaffolding.

Question 2

A student who attributes her exam failure to bad luck rather than insufficient study is demonstrating which attribution style?

Accepted Answer

External, unstable attribution

Answer

Luck is an external (outside oneself) and unstable (varies situation to situation) cause in Weiner's attribution theory.

Question 3

Which theorist introduced the concept of 'scaffolding' as a strategy for supporting student learning?

Accepted Answer

Jerome Bruner

Answer

Jerome Bruner coined 'scaffolding' to describe temporary instructional support that is gradually withdrawn as the learner gains competence.

Question 4

A teacher notices that students perform better on math problems when they believe the problems are for a class project rather than a graded test. This best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

Test anxiety reducing performance under evaluation

Answer

Evaluative pressure (graded tests) can trigger test anxiety, which impairs cognitive performance compared to low-stakes conditions.

Question 5

In Erikson's psychosocial stages, the conflict most relevant to elementary school-age children (ages 6–12) is:

Accepted Answer

Industry vs. Inferiority

Answer

Industry vs. Inferiority occurs during middle childhood, where children develop competence through learning and risk feeling inferior if they fail.

FED - Foundations of Education Practice Test

FED - Foundations of Education Practice Test

FED (Psychological) 2