FED (Historical) 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: W.E.B. Du Bois challenged Booker T. Washington's views by arguing that African Americans needed what kind of education?
- Exclusively agricultural training on rural farms
- Full liberal arts education and immediate civil rights (Correct answer)
- Separate but well-funded vocational schools
- Religious education through Black churches
Correct answer: Full liberal arts education and immediate civil rights
Du Bois insisted on the 'Talented Tenth' receiving rigorous higher education to lead the community toward full social and political equality.
Question 2: The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965 was primarily a component of which presidential initiative?
- Eisenhower's Modern Republicanism
- Kennedy's New Frontier
- Johnson's Great Society (Correct answer)
- Nixon's New Federalism
Correct answer: Johnson's Great Society
ESEA was a cornerstone of Lyndon Johnson's Great Society, providing major federal aid to schools serving low-income students.
Question 3: Which educational reformer established the first American public normal school in Lexington, Massachusetts in 1839 to train teachers?
- Horace Mann
- Henry Barnard
- Cyrus Peirce (Correct answer)
- William McGuffey
Correct answer: Cyrus Peirce
Cyrus Peirce was the first principal of the Lexington Normal School, the pioneering public teacher-training institution in the U.S.
Question 4: The Lancasterian (monitorial) system of schooling, popular in early 19th-century America, was known for what distinctive feature?
- Small tutoring groups with individualized pacing
- One teacher using advanced student monitors to instruct large numbers of pupils (Correct answer)
- Open-air schoolrooms to promote health
- Separate schools for boys and girls by law
Correct answer: One teacher using advanced student monitors to instruct large numbers of pupils
Joseph Lancaster's monitorial system used older students as peer instructors, allowing one teacher to educate hundreds of children cheaply.
Question 5: The concept of 'social efficiency' in education, prominent in the early 20th century, advocated for schools to do what?
- Promote individual creative expression above all
- Sort and train students for predetermined social and economic roles (Correct answer)
- Eliminate all vocational tracks in favor of academic equality
- Return to a Greek model of philosophical inquiry
Correct answer: Sort and train students for predetermined social and economic roles
Social efficiency educators believed schools should scientifically differentiate students and prepare each for a specific societal function.
Question 6: Which act, passed in 1975, guaranteed students with disabilities the right to a free and appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment?
- Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (1973)
- The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142) (Correct answer)
- Title IX of the Education Amendments (1972)
- The Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
Correct answer: The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142)
PL 94-142 (later renamed IDEA) was the landmark law mandating FAPE and IEPs for students with disabilities.
Question 7: The Latin grammar school, the dominant secondary institution in colonial New England, primarily served what purpose?
- Teaching vernacular reading and arithmetic to all children
- Preparing elite boys for college through classical language study (Correct answer)
- Training apprentices in skilled trades
- Providing basic literacy to girls in port towns
Correct answer: Preparing elite boys for college through classical language study
Latin grammar schools trained upper-class boys in Latin and Greek to meet Harvard's entrance requirements.
FED (Historical) 4
W.E.B.
Du Bois challenged Booker T.
Washington's views by arguing that African Americans needed what kind of education?