FED Foundations of Education 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which approach to multicultural education emphasizes transforming the curriculum so students view concepts from the perspectives of diverse cultural groups?
- Contributions approach
- Additive approach
- Transformation approach (Correct answer)
- Social action approach
Correct answer: Transformation approach
James Banks' transformation approach restructures the curriculum so diverse cultural perspectives become integral rather than add-ons.
Question 2: The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) of 2015 replaced which prior federal education law?
- Goals 2000
- No Child Left Behind Act (Correct answer)
- Improving America's Schools Act
- Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
Correct answer: No Child Left Behind Act
ESSA replaced No Child Left Behind (2001) and returned more authority over accountability systems to individual states.
Question 3: The Montessori method differs from traditional instruction primarily because it:
- Emphasizes teacher-led direct instruction with frequent testing
- Allows children to self-direct learning within a prepared environment (Correct answer)
- Focuses exclusively on rote memorization of core facts
- Groups students strictly by standardized test scores
Correct answer: Allows children to self-direct learning within a prepared environment
Maria Montessori's approach centers on child-led exploration in a carefully designed environment with mixed-age groupings and minimal teacher interruption.
Question 4: Which philosophy of education argues that schooling should focus on transforming society to correct injustice and inequality?
- Perennialism
- Essentialism
- Behaviorism
- Social reconstructionism (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Social reconstructionism
Social reconstructionism holds that education's primary purpose is to empower students to critically examine and reform unjust social structures.
Question 5: Which term describes the practice of assigning students to different academic tracks (e.g., honors, standard, remedial) based on perceived ability?
- Differentiated instruction
- Tracking (Correct answer)
- Response to Intervention
- Scaffolding
Correct answer: Tracking
Tracking places students into separate instructional paths, a practice criticized for reinforcing socioeconomic and racial inequalities.
Question 6: John Locke's concept of 'tabula rasa' applied to education means that:
- Children are born with innate moral knowledge that schooling refines
- The mind at birth is a blank slate shaped entirely by experience (Correct answer)
- Students learn best through structured religious instruction
- Educators must focus on developing natural talents already present at birth
Correct answer: The mind at birth is a blank slate shaped entirely by experience
Locke's tabula rasa ('blank slate') theory asserts that the mind has no innate ideas; all knowledge derives from sensory experience and reflection.
Question 7: Which type of assessment is designed to monitor student progress during instruction and adjust teaching accordingly?
- Summative assessment
- Norm-referenced assessment
- Formative assessment (Correct answer)
- Criterion-referenced assessment
Correct answer: Formative assessment
Formative assessment is ongoing and used by teachers to gather feedback during instruction to inform and improve teaching and learning.
FED Foundations of Education 4
Which approach to multicultural education emphasizes transforming the curriculum so students view concepts from the perspectives of diverse cultural groups?