Fat Burning Metabolism and Energy Systems 3

Question 1

Which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect of food (TEF), meaning the body burns the most calories digesting it?

Accepted Answer

Protein (20–30% TEF)

Answer

Fat (0–3% TEF)

Answer

Carbohydrates (5–10% TEF)

Answer

Alcohol (10–15% TEF)

Question 2

What is the primary role of carnitine in fat metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Transporting long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane for beta-oxidation

Answer

Storing fatty acids in adipose cells

Answer

Converting fat into glucose via gluconeogenesis

Answer

Inhibiting lipolysis during prolonged exercise

Question 3

How does chronic sleep deprivation most directly impair fat loss?

Accepted Answer

It elevates cortisol and ghrelin, promoting fat storage and increased appetite

Answer

It increases fat oxidation during the day

Answer

It has no measurable effect on metabolism

Answer

It improves insulin sensitivity

Question 4

What is the primary metabolic function of brown adipose tissue (BAT)?

Accepted Answer

Generating heat by burning calories through thermogenesis

Answer

Long-term energy storage similar to white fat

Answer

Converting dietary carbohydrates into triglycerides

Answer

Producing hormones to regulate blood sugar

Question 5

How does consistent strength training enhance long-term fat burning?

Accepted Answer

It increases muscle mass, raising BMR and improving resting fat oxidation

Answer

It only burns fat during the workout itself

Answer

It decreases resting metabolic rate over time

Answer

It has no impact on fat loss outside of the exercise session

Question 6

What does 'fat adaptation' mean for endurance athletes?

Accepted Answer

A physiological state where the body becomes highly efficient at oxidizing fat for fuel

Answer

The ability to store additional fat in muscle fibers during training

Answer

The process of converting dietary fat into glycogen for race-day use

Answer

Increased fat cell size resulting from high training volume

Question 7

Which hormone, secreted by fat cells, helps regulate appetite and energy balance, and is often impaired in obese individuals?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Ghrelin

Answer

Glucagon