Family Nurse Practitioner Test Diagnostic Reasoning 3

Question 1

A child presents with a barking cough, stridor, and low-grade fever after a URI. The MOST likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

Answer

Epiglottitis

Answer

Asthma exacerbation

Answer

Foreign body aspiration

Question 2

A 65-year-old with a 30 pack-year smoking history presents with a FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.65 post-bronchodilator. The MOST likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Pulmonary fibrosis

Answer

Normal spirometry

Question 3

The FNP notes café-au-lait spots (>6, >15mm) in an adult patient. This finding raises suspicion for:

Accepted Answer

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Answer

Tuberous sclerosis

Answer

McCune-Albright syndrome

Answer

Vitiligo

Question 4

A patient has a positive ANA titer of 1:320 with a butterfly rash across the cheeks and nose. The FNP suspects:

Accepted Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer

Rosacea

Answer

Dermatomyositis

Answer

Scleroderma

Question 5

A 45-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, constipation, cold intolerance, and bradycardia. The BEST initial diagnostic test is:

Accepted Answer

TSH level

Answer

Free T4 level

Answer

T3 uptake

Answer

Thyroid ultrasound

Question 6

A patient presents with painful vesicles in a dermatomal distribution on one side of the trunk. The FNP diagnoses herpes zoster and notes the MOST important reason to treat promptly with antivirals:

Accepted Answer

To reduce the severity and duration of postherpetic neuralgia

Answer

To prevent transmission to others

Answer

To eliminate the virus permanently

Answer

To reduce the risk of bacterial superinfection only