FAC FAC Facial Anatomy & Physiology 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The 'danger zones' of the face in aesthetic procedures refer to areas with high risk of:
- Excessive sweating
- Vascular compromise or nerve injury (Correct answer)
- Hyperpigmentation only
- Excessive collagen production
Correct answer: Vascular compromise or nerve injury
Danger zones such as the glabella and nasolabial fold contain vessels and nerves where filler injection can cause ischemia, necrosis, or blindness.
Question 2: Which fat compartment is located directly beneath the orbicularis oculi and contributes to under-eye hollowing with age?
- Buccal fat pad
- Sub-orbicularis oculi fat (SOOF) (Correct answer)
- Sub-SMAS fat
- Temporal fat pad
Correct answer: Sub-orbicularis oculi fat (SOOF)
The sub-orbicularis oculi fat (SOOF) descends with age, contributing to tear trough deformity and under-eye hollowing.
Question 3: The golden ratio in facial aesthetics refers to a proportion of approximately:
- 1:1
- 1:1.618 (Correct answer)
- 1:2
- 1:3.14
Correct answer: 1:1.618
The golden ratio (phi, ~1:1.618) is used to assess ideal facial proportions and guide aesthetic treatment planning.
Question 4: In facial anatomy, the retaining ligaments are important for aesthetic practitioners because they:
- Produce hyaluronic acid naturally
- Tether soft tissue and influence how aging descent occurs (Correct answer)
- Block nerve impulses from the trigeminal nerve
- Separate the epidermis from the dermis
Correct answer: Tether soft tissue and influence how aging descent occurs
Retaining ligaments anchor facial soft tissue to bone and fascia; their weakening with age leads to sagging and volume displacement.
Question 5: Which type of collagen is most abundant in the dermal extracellular matrix?
- Type I collagen (Correct answer)
- Type II collagen
- Type IV collagen
- Type VII collagen
Correct answer: Type I collagen
Type I collagen is the most prevalent collagen in the dermis and provides tensile strength to the skin.
Question 6: The procerus muscle, when repeatedly contracted, primarily creates:
- Crow's feet around the eyes
- Horizontal lines across the nose bridge (Correct answer)
- Vertical glabellar frown lines
- Transverse neck bands
Correct answer: Horizontal lines across the nose bridge
The procerus pulls the medial brow downward and creates transverse (horizontal) wrinkles across the nasal bridge.
FAC FAC Facial Anatomy & Physiology 2
The 'danger zones' of the face in aesthetic procedures refer to areas with high risk of: