ETC ETC Surveying & Site Assessment 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What instrument is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles in surveying?
- Level
- Theodolite (Correct answer)
- Total station
- Planimeter
Correct answer: Theodolite
A theodolite is a precision optical instrument used to measure horizontal and vertical angles in surveying and construction.
Question 2: What is a benchmark in surveying?
- A standard test for concrete strength
- A permanently established point of known elevation used as a reference (Correct answer)
- A legal boundary marker for property lines
- A type of topographic map contour
Correct answer: A permanently established point of known elevation used as a reference
A benchmark is a fixed reference point with a known elevation, used as a datum for leveling surveys.
Question 3: What does a contour line on a topographic map represent?
- A straight property boundary line
- A line connecting points of equal elevation above a datum (Correct answer)
- A pipeline or utility route
- A limit of jurisdictional authority
Correct answer: A line connecting points of equal elevation above a datum
Contour lines connect all points of equal elevation, allowing topographic maps to represent three-dimensional terrain on a flat surface.
Question 4: Which surveying method uses GPS satellites to determine precise coordinates?
- Differential leveling
- Plane table surveying
- GNSS/GPS surveying (Correct answer)
- Chain surveying
Correct answer: GNSS/GPS surveying
GNSS/GPS surveying uses signals from multiple satellites to determine precise three-dimensional coordinates of a point.
Question 5: What is the purpose of a hand level during field reconnaissance?
- To measure soil bearing capacity
- To quickly estimate elevations and horizontal lines in the field (Correct answer)
- To determine magnetic declination
- To measure distance between two points
Correct answer: To quickly estimate elevations and horizontal lines in the field
A hand level allows a technician to establish an approximate horizontal line of sight for quick elevation estimates in the field.
Question 6: What does 'bearing' mean in the context of land surveying?
- The load capacity of a soil layer
- The direction of a survey line expressed as an angle from north or south (Correct answer)
- The elevation difference between two points
- The legal description of a property parcel
Correct answer: The direction of a survey line expressed as an angle from north or south
In surveying, bearing is the horizontal direction of a line expressed as an angle measured from north or south toward east or west.
ETC ETC Surveying & Site Assessment 1
What instrument is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles in surveying?