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Materials Testing & Quality Assurance Flashcards

7 cards from real ETC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Materials Testing & Quality Assurance flashcards as text

  1. What does a control chart's Upper Control Limit (UCL) represent in a manufacturing process?

    Answer: Three standard deviations above the process mean

    The UCL is set at three standard deviations (3σ) above the process mean, indicating the upper boundary of normal process variation.

  2. A sample of concrete is tested at 28 days and fails to meet the specified compressive strength. Which standard governs acceptance criteria for concrete cylinder tests in the US?

    Answer: ASTM C31 / ACI 318

    ASTM C31 covers making and curing concrete test cylinders, and ACI 318 specifies the acceptance criteria based on 28-day compressive strength averages.

  3. In radiographic testing (RT), what does a higher film density number indicate?

    Answer: The film is darker, indicating more radiation exposure

    Film density is a logarithmic measure of film blackening; higher density means the film is darker due to greater radiation exposure.

  4. What is the significance of a material's fracture toughness (KIC)?

    Answer: It quantifies a material's ability to resist crack propagation

    Fracture toughness KIC is the critical stress intensity factor at which a pre-existing crack will propagate, used to predict catastrophic failure.

  5. When performing a liquid penetrant test (PT), what is the purpose of the developer step?

    Answer: To draw entrapped penetrant out of discontinuities for visibility

    The developer acts as a blotter, drawing penetrant back out of surface-breaking discontinuities and spreading it to create a visible indication.

  6. A technician is using magnetic particle testing (MT) on a ferromagnetic part. Longitudinal magnetization is best used to detect which type of discontinuity orientation?

    Answer: Discontinuities transverse (perpendicular) to the longitudinal axis

    Magnetic flux lines run along the longitudinal axis; discontinuities perpendicular to the flux lines cause maximum flux leakage and are most detectable.

  7. In a six-sigma quality program, what defect rate (in parts per million) corresponds to six-sigma performance?

    Answer: 3.4 ppm

    Six-sigma quality corresponds to no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities (accounting for a 1.5-sigma process shift).