ESL Acquisition Theories 3

Question 1

Selinker's concept of 'interlanguage' describes:

Accepted Answer

The learner's developing linguistic system between L1 and L2

Answer

Interlanguage refers to the dynamic, rule-governed linguistic system a learner constructs as they progress toward target language proficiency, containing elements of both L1 and L2.

Question 2

Which term describes a learner's tendency to apply L1 grammatical rules to the L2 incorrectly?

Accepted Answer

Negative transfer

Answer

Negative transfer (also called interference) occurs when a learner incorrectly applies a pattern from their first language to the second language, producing non-target-like forms.

Question 3

Chomsky's Universal Grammar (UG) theory proposes that humans acquire language quickly because:

Accepted Answer

They are born with an innate linguistic knowledge system

Answer

Chomsky argued that children possess an inborn Language Acquisition Device (LAD) containing universal grammatical principles, which explains how they acquire complex grammar despite limited input.

Question 4

Fossilization in SLA refers to the phenomenon where:

Accepted Answer

A learner's errors permanently stop developing and become fixed

Answer

Fossilization occurs when certain non-target-like features in a learner's interlanguage become permanently fixed, resisting further instruction or correction.

Question 5

The Natural Order Hypothesis (Krashen) claims that grammatical structures are acquired:

Accepted Answer

In a predictable sequence regardless of instruction

Answer

Krashen's Natural Order Hypothesis states that learners acquire grammatical morphemes in a predictable, universal sequence that is largely independent of teaching order.

ESL (English as a Second Language) Practice Test

ESL (English as a Second Language) Practice Test

ESL Acquisition Theories 3