ESAT ESAT Biology 2

Question 1

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces 2 identical diploid cells; meiosis produces 4 haploid cells

Answer

Mitosis produces haploid cells; meiosis produces diploid cells

Answer

Both produce identical haploid cells

Answer

Mitosis only occurs in gametes

Question 2

What is the role of the ribosome in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis (translation)

Answer

DNA replication

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Lipid digestion

Question 3

What does the term 'natural selection' mean in evolutionary biology?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more

Answer

Organisms choose their own traits

Answer

All individuals in a population survive equally

Answer

Traits are inherited from only one parent

Question 4

What is the function of haemoglobin in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Transport oxygen in red blood cells

Answer

Break down glucose in respiration

Answer

Produce antibodies

Answer

Regulate blood pressure

Question 5

Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Vacuole

Question 6

What is osmosis in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water molecules from high to low water potential across a semi-permeable membrane

Answer

Movement of solutes from low to high concentration

Answer

Active transport of ions against a gradient

Answer

Diffusion of gases across a membrane