ESA Wildlife Ecology & Management 2

Question 1

Adaptive management in wildlife ecology is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A structured decision-making process that treats management actions as experiments to reduce uncertainty

Answer

Managing wildlife populations based on historical data only

Answer

Adjusting harvest quotas each year based solely on market demand

Answer

Implementing the same management strategy regardless of monitoring outcomes

Question 2

Which index is commonly used to assess species diversity within a community by accounting for both richness and evenness?

Accepted Answer

Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H')

Answer

Jaccard similarity index

Answer

Lincoln-Petersen index

Answer

Sorensen coefficient

Question 3

A 'metapopulation' is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A set of spatially separated subpopulations connected by dispersal

Answer

A single large population occupying a continuous habitat

Answer

A population that migrates seasonally between two habitats

Answer

All populations of a species across its entire global range

Question 4

Which type of survivorship curve is typical of large, long-lived mammals with low offspring production and high parental care?

Accepted Answer

Type I (convex curve)

Answer

Type II (diagonal/linear curve)

Answer

Type III (concave curve)

Answer

Type IV (sigmoidal curve)

Question 5

The 'umbrella species' concept in conservation biology refers to:

Accepted Answer

A species whose protection automatically protects many co-occurring species

Answer

The dominant predator in a food web that regulates prey populations

Answer

A species used to indicate overall ecosystem health

Answer

A species that modifies habitat for the benefit of other species

Question 6

Edge effects in wildlife ecology typically refer to changes in:

Accepted Answer

Species composition and abundance near habitat boundaries

Answer

Predator-prey ratios at the center of large habitat patches

Answer

Water quality at the margins of aquatic ecosystems

Answer

Genetic diversity at the geographic edge of a species' range

Question 7

Which sampling design is most appropriate for estimating wildlife population density along a linear transect when detectability decreases with distance from the transect line?

Accepted Answer

Distance sampling

Answer

Strip transect sampling

Answer

Point count sampling

Answer

Pellet group counts