Search and Rescue Operations Flashcards
7 cards from real ERT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Search and Rescue Operations flashcards as text
Before entering a permit-required confined space rescue, what is the FIRST action a rescuer must take?
Answer: Test the atmosphere for oxygen levels, flammable gases, and toxic contaminants
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146 requires atmospheric testing before entry; oxygen-deficient, toxic, or flammable atmospheres kill rescuers who enter without testing.
In FEMA's Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) system, what distinguishes a Type I task force from a Type II task force?
Answer: Type I (Heavy) teams have greater personnel, equipment, and capability than Type II (Medium) teams
FEMA US&R Type I (Heavy) task forces have approximately 70 members with full structural collapse and medical capabilities, while Type II (Medium) teams have reduced staffing and equipment.
What is a 'litter' in the context of search and rescue patient movement?
Answer: A stretcher or basket device used to safely transport an injured patient
A litter (such as a Stokes basket) is a rigid or semi-rigid patient-carrying device that immobilizes and protects a victim during movement through difficult terrain.
In a structural collapse rescue, which hazard poses the MOST immediate threat of mass casualty if not controlled?
Answer: Natural gas leaking from ruptured supply lines
Natural gas leaking from ruptured lines creates an immediate explosion and fire hazard, which can kill rescuers and victims instantly if ignited.
What is a 'void space' in the context of structural collapse rescue?
Answer: A survivable pocket within a collapsed structure where a victim may be trapped alive
Void spaces form when structural elements such as floors, walls, or furniture create protected pockets, and finding these is the primary focus of collapse rescue operations.
What is 'secondary collapse' and why is it a critical concern during structural rescue?
Answer: An additional collapse of weakened structure that can injure or kill rescuers and victims after the initial event
Secondary collapse occurs when already-weakened structural elements fail during rescue operations, and it is the primary cause of rescuer fatalities at collapse incidents.
Which NFPA standard governs operations and training for technical search and rescue incidents, including structural collapse and confined space rescue?
Answer: NFPA 1670 – Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents
NFPA 1670 establishes three operational levels (Awareness, Operations, Technician) for technical rescue disciplines including rope, structural collapse, confined space, and water rescue.