ERB Logical Reasoning and Problem Solving 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: On ERB assessments, what type of reasoning involves drawing a general conclusion from specific examples?
- Deductive reasoning
- Inductive reasoning (Correct answer)
- Spatial reasoning
- Analogical reasoning
Correct answer: Inductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning involves observing specific cases and drawing a general conclusion from those observations.
Question 2: If all mammals are warm-blooded and dogs are mammals, what can be concluded?
- All warm-blooded animals are dogs
- Dogs are warm-blooded (Correct answer)
- Dogs are not mammals
- Warm-blooded animals are not mammals
Correct answer: Dogs are warm-blooded
This is a classic deductive syllogism: if dogs are mammals and all mammals are warm-blooded, then dogs must be warm-blooded.
Question 3: In an ERB logic problem, if A is always greater than B and B is always greater than C, which statement is true?
- C > A
- A > C (Correct answer)
- B > A
- C = A
Correct answer: A > C
Since A > B and B > C, by the transitive property, A must be greater than C.
Question 4: Which problem-solving strategy involves working backward from the desired answer?
- Guess and check
- Make a table
- Work backward (Correct answer)
- Draw a diagram
Correct answer: Work backward
The 'work backward' strategy starts from the known end result and reverses the steps to find the starting condition.
Question 5: On ERB tests, which reasoning skill involves identifying what is missing from a visual or numerical pattern?
- Verbal analogy
- Pattern recognition (Correct answer)
- Cause and effect
- Classification
Correct answer: Pattern recognition
Pattern recognition involves identifying the rule governing a sequence and predicting what comes next or what is missing.
Question 6: A student has 5 more marbles than his friend. Together they have 33 marbles. How many does the student have?
- 14
- 17
- 19 (Correct answer)
- 23
Correct answer: 19
If the friend has x marbles, the student has x+5, and x + (x+5) = 33, so 2x = 28, x = 14, student has 19.
ERB Logical Reasoning and Problem Solving 1
On ERB assessments, what type of reasoning involves drawing a general conclusion from specific examples?