EPPP Cognitive-Affective Behavior Bases 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to Lazarus's cognitive appraisal theory, which appraisal determines whether a person believes they have sufficient resources to cope with a stressor?
- Primary appraisal
- Secondary appraisal (Correct answer)
- Reappraisal
- Anticipatory appraisal
Correct answer: Secondary appraisal
Secondary appraisal involves evaluating one's coping resources and options in response to a stressor.
Question 2: Which theory proposes that emotion arises from the simultaneous experience of physiological arousal and a cognitive label applied to that arousal?
- James-Lange theory
- Cannon-Bard theory
- Schachter-Singer two-factor theory (Correct answer)
- Opponent-process theory
Correct answer: Schachter-Singer two-factor theory
Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory holds that emotions result from physiological arousal plus a cognitive label given to that arousal.
Question 3: In Beck's cognitive model, which cognitive distortion involves drawing a sweeping negative conclusion from a single event?
- Arbitrary inference
- Magnification
- Overgeneralization (Correct answer)
- Personalization
Correct answer: Overgeneralization
Overgeneralization is the error of applying a conclusion from one incident broadly to unrelated situations.
Question 4: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, developed by Barbara Fredrickson, suggests that positive emotions primarily function to:
- Narrow attentional focus to solve immediate problems
- Broaden thought-action repertoires and build lasting personal resources (Correct answer)
- Suppress negative affect through counterconditioning
- Reinforce behavioral responses via operant mechanisms
Correct answer: Broaden thought-action repertoires and build lasting personal resources
Fredrickson's broaden-and-build theory posits that positive emotions expand cognition and behavior, building durable psychological, social, and physical resources over time.
Question 5: A patient catastrophizes about a minor mistake, believing it will end their career. This automatic thought best illustrates which cognitive distortion?
- Selective abstraction
- Magnification (Correct answer)
- Dichotomous thinking
- Mind reading
Correct answer: Magnification
Magnification (catastrophizing) involves exaggerating the significance or consequences of a negative event far beyond what is realistic.
Question 6: Which component of emotional intelligence, as defined by Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso, refers to the ability to use emotions to facilitate thought and creativity?
- Perceiving emotions
- Using emotions (Correct answer)
- Understanding emotions
- Managing emotions
Correct answer: Using emotions
The 'using emotions' branch describes harnessing emotional states to enhance cognitive tasks such as reasoning, creativity, and problem-solving.
Question 7: In Bandura's social cognitive theory, self-efficacy beliefs are MOST strongly influenced by which source?
- Verbal persuasion from respected others
- Physiological and affective states
- Mastery experiences (Correct answer)
- Vicarious learning
Correct answer: Mastery experiences
Mastery experiences — direct personal successes and failures — are the most potent source of self-efficacy information according to Bandura.
EPPP Cognitive-Affective Behavior Bases 2
According to Lazarus's cognitive appraisal theory, which appraisal determines whether a person believes they have sufficient resources to cope with a stressor?