EPPP Cognitive-Affective Bases of Behavior 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to Beck's cognitive model, which cognitive distortion involves drawing a broad conclusion from a single incident?
- Magnification
- Overgeneralization (Correct answer)
- Selective abstraction
- Personalization
Correct answer: Overgeneralization
Overgeneralization involves applying a conclusion from one event to a wide range of unrelated situations.
Question 2: The James-Lange theory of emotion proposes that:
- Emotions precede physiological responses
- Physiological responses precede the subjective experience of emotion (Correct answer)
- Emotions and physiology occur simultaneously
- Cognitive appraisal determines emotion independent of physiology
Correct answer: Physiological responses precede the subjective experience of emotion
James-Lange theory holds that we perceive physiological changes first, and the subjective emotional experience follows.
Question 3: Which memory system stores general world knowledge and facts independent of personal experience?
- Episodic memory
- Procedural memory
- Semantic memory (Correct answer)
- Working memory
Correct answer: Semantic memory
Semantic memory contains general factual knowledge about the world not tied to specific personal experiences.
Question 4: Lazarus's transactional model of stress emphasizes which two cognitive processes?
- Encoding and retrieval
- Primary and secondary appraisal (Correct answer)
- Automatic and controlled processing
- Assimilation and accommodation
Correct answer: Primary and secondary appraisal
Lazarus proposed that stress results from primary appraisal (is this a threat?) and secondary appraisal (can I cope?).
Question 5: The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion differs from James-Lange in proposing that:
- Only peripheral feedback creates emotion
- Thalamus simultaneously transmits signals to cortex and body (Correct answer)
- Cognitive labels determine which emotion is felt
- Facial expressions cause emotions
Correct answer: Thalamus simultaneously transmits signals to cortex and body
Cannon-Bard theory holds that the thalamus sends signals simultaneously to the cortex (producing emotion) and to the body (producing arousal).
Question 6: A patient repeatedly checks door locks despite knowing they are locked. This behavior is best explained by which cognitive concept?
- Thought suppression rebound
- Inflated responsibility beliefs (Correct answer)
- Cognitive dissonance
- Attentional bias
Correct answer: Inflated responsibility beliefs
OCD checking is driven by inflated responsibility beliefs — the conviction that one must prevent potential harm.
Question 7: Which concept describes the tendency to seek information that confirms existing beliefs while ignoring disconfirming evidence?
- Hindsight bias
- Confirmation bias (Correct answer)
- Availability heuristic
- Representativeness heuristic
Correct answer: Confirmation bias
Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for and favor information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs.
EPPP Cognitive-Affective Bases of Behavior 2
According to Beck's cognitive model, which cognitive distortion involves drawing a broad conclusion from a single incident?