Cognitive-Affective Bases of Behavior Flashcards
7 cards from real EPPP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Cognitive-Affective Bases of Behavior flashcards as text
Which brain structure is most centrally involved in the formation of emotional memories, particularly fear?
Answer: Amygdala
The amygdala is critical for fear conditioning and the storage of emotionally charged memories.
Self-efficacy, as defined by Bandura, refers to:
Answer: One's belief in one's ability to execute behaviors needed to produce outcomes
Self-efficacy is a person's confidence in their capacity to perform specific behaviors to achieve desired outcomes.
The concept of 'depressive realism' suggests that mildly depressed individuals:
Answer: Are sometimes more accurate in judging personal control than non-depressed individuals
Depressive realism refers to findings suggesting that mildly depressed people can judge contingency and control more accurately than non-depressed people who show positive illusions.
Mowrer's two-factor theory of anxiety disorders proposes that fears are acquired through _____ and maintained through _____.
Answer: Classical conditioning; operant (negative reinforcement) conditioning
Mowrer proposed that fears are initially learned via classical conditioning and then maintained because avoidance is negatively reinforced by relief.
Which attentional phenomenon explains why people tend to notice and remember emotionally threatening stimuli more than neutral ones?
Answer: Attentional bias toward threat
Attentional bias toward threat is the tendency to preferentially allocate attention to potentially dangerous or emotionally negative stimuli.
Cognitive load theory predicts that learning is impaired when:
Answer: Intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load exceed working memory capacity
When the combined demands of task complexity (intrinsic) and poor instructional design (extraneous) overwhelm working memory capacity, learning suffers.
The concept of 'metacognition' in clinical psychology most directly refers to:
Answer: Thinking about one's own thoughts and regulating cognitive processes
Metacognition involves awareness and regulation of one's own cognitive processes, including beliefs about thinking itself (e.g., 'worry is uncontrollable').