General Flashcards

According to Kübler-Ross's model of grief, a terminally ill patient who says 'If I can just live to see my grandchild born, I'll accept my illness' is MOST likely in the stage of:

Answer: Bargaining

The bargaining stage involves making deals or promises (often with God or fate) in exchange for more time or a reversal of circumstances.

A researcher wants to examine whether childhood trauma predicts adult depression while controlling for socioeconomic status. The MOST appropriate statistical technique is:

Answer: Multiple regression

Multiple regression allows the researcher to examine the relationship between childhood trauma and adult depression while statistically controlling for socioeconomic status as a covariate.

According to Bandura's social learning theory, which factor is NOT required for observational learning to occur?

Answer: Direct reinforcement of the observer

Bandura's model of observational learning requires attention, retention, motor reproduction, and motivation — direct reinforcement of the observer is not necessary; vicarious reinforcement suffices.

A psychologist conducting a neuropsychological evaluation finds that a patient has difficulty recognizing familiar faces despite intact visual acuity. This symptom is called:

Answer: Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia is the specific inability to recognize familiar faces, typically associated with lesions to the fusiform face area in the right temporal-occipital cortex.

In the context of psychological assessment, 'incremental validity' refers to:

Answer: The degree to which a test improves predictive accuracy beyond what existing measures already provide

Incremental validity assesses whether adding a new measure improves the prediction or understanding of an outcome above and beyond existing instruments.

The 'medical model' of abnormal psychology is MOST closely associated with which perspective on mental disorders?

Answer: Disorders are discrete disease entities caused by biological dysfunction and best treated with medication

The medical model conceptualizes mental disorders as illnesses with biological causes, distinct categories, and treatments focused on symptom reduction, often via pharmacotherapy.

A psychologist working with a culturally diverse client population is MOST consistent with culturally competent practice when they:

Answer: Adapt evidence-based interventions to account for the client's cultural beliefs, values, and context

Cultural competence involves adapting assessment and intervention approaches to be congruent with clients' cultural frameworks while maintaining evidence-based principles.