Cognitive-Affective Bases of Behavior Flashcards

Vygotsky's zone of proximal development (ZPD) refers to:

Answer: The gap between independent ability and potential with guidance

The ZPD is the distance between what a learner can do alone and what they can achieve with skilled guidance or collaboration.

Which neurotransmitter is most associated with reward, motivation, and positive reinforcement?

Answer: Dopamine

Dopamine pathways, particularly the mesolimbic system, are central to reward processing and motivational behavior.

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) was originally developed to prevent:

Answer: Relapse in recurrent major depression

MBCT was developed by Segal, Williams, and Teasdale specifically to reduce relapse rates in individuals with recurrent major depression.

The concept of 'hot cognition' refers to:

Answer: Thinking influenced by emotional arousal or motivational states

Hot cognition describes cognitive processes that are influenced by emotions or motivational states, contrasting with 'cold' neutral cognition.

Flooding as an exposure technique works primarily through which mechanism?

Answer: Extinction of the conditioned fear response

Flooding produces extinction by prolonged exposure to feared stimuli without the expected aversive outcome, eliminating the conditioned response.

Which model proposes that emotions arise from the interaction between undifferentiated physiological arousal and cognitive labels?

Answer: Schachter-Singer two-factor theory

Schachter-Singer two-factor theory posits that emotion = physiological arousal + cognitive label assigned to that arousal.

In the context of emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal differs from expressive suppression in that reappraisal:

Answer: Occurs earlier and changes the emotional trajectory itself

Reappraisal occurs early in emotion generation by changing how one thinks about the situation, altering the emotional response itself rather than just its expression.