Endocrine Weight Loss Metabolic Rate and Energy Balance 2

Question 1

Which substrate contributes most to energy expenditure during low-intensity, steady-state aerobic exercise?

Accepted Answer

Fat

Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Ketone bodies

Question 2

The first law of thermodynamics applied to weight management states that:

Accepted Answer

Energy balance equals energy intake minus energy expenditure

Answer

Weight is determined solely by hormonal balance

Answer

Fat cells can only expand, never contract

Answer

Carbohydrate always converts to fat regardless of total calories

Question 3

Which of the following factors most significantly reduces resting metabolic rate in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia)

Answer

Increased cortisol levels

Answer

Higher fat mass percentage

Answer

Decreased growth hormone secretion

Question 4

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to energy expenditure primarily through:

Accepted Answer

Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation via UCP-1

Answer

Lipogenesis stimulated by insulin

Answer

Glucagon-stimulated glycogenolysis

Answer

Leptin-mediated appetite suppression

Question 5

A caloric deficit of approximately how many kilocalories is traditionally considered necessary to lose one pound of body fat?

Accepted Answer

3,500 kcal

Answer

1,500 kcal

Answer

2,000 kcal

Answer

5,000 kcal

Question 6

Which clinical measurement tool provides the most accurate assessment of total body fat mass?

Accepted Answer

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

Answer

Body mass index (BMI)

Answer

Waist circumference

Answer

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)