EmSAT EmSAT Biology 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the function of the heart?
- To filter blood
- To produce blood cells
- To pump blood through the circulatory system (Correct answer)
- To exchange gases
Correct answer: To pump blood through the circulatory system
The heart is a muscular pump that circulates blood throughout the body. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removes waste products via the circulatory system.
Question 2: What is the role of red blood cells?
- Fighting infection
- Clotting blood
- Transporting oxygen via hemoglobin (Correct answer)
- Producing antibodies
Correct answer: Transporting oxygen via hemoglobin
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) transport oxygen from the lungs to body tissues using the protein hemoglobin. They also carry COâ‚‚ back to the lungs for exhalation.
Question 3: Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
- Bronchi
- Trachea
- Alveoli (Correct answer)
- Bronchioles
Correct answer: Alveoli
Gas exchange (Oâ‚‚ into blood, COâ‚‚ out of blood) occurs in the alveoli, tiny air sacs in the lungs. Their large surface area and thin walls make them ideal for efficient diffusion.
Question 4: What is the role of the liver?
- Producing insulin
- Filtering blood, producing bile, and metabolizing nutrients (Correct answer)
- Pumping blood
- Absorbing water
Correct answer: Filtering blood, producing bile, and metabolizing nutrients
The liver performs over 500 functions including filtering toxins from blood, producing bile for digestion, metabolizing carbohydrates/proteins/fats, and synthesizing blood clotting proteins.
Question 5: Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movement?
- Autonomic nervous system
- Somatic nervous system (Correct answer)
- Enteric nervous system
- Parasympathetic system
Correct answer: Somatic nervous system
The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
Question 6: What is homeostasis?
- The process of cell division
- The maintenance of a stable internal environment (Correct answer)
- The immune response to pathogens
- The process of digestion
Correct answer: The maintenance of a stable internal environment
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism despite changes in external conditions. Examples include regulating body temperature and blood glucose levels.
EmSAT EmSAT Biology 4
What is the function of the heart?