Environmental Regulations & Policy Flashcards
7 cards from real EMP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Environmental Regulations & Policy flashcards as text
Under the Kyoto Protocol's flexible mechanisms, which allows industrialized countries to earn emission credits by funding clean energy projects in developing nations?
Answer: Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
The Clean Development Mechanism allows Annex I countries to implement emission-reduction projects in non-Annex I (developing) countries and earn Certified Emission Reduction credits.
A manufacturing plant subject to EPA's Risk Management Program (RMP) under Clean Air Act Section 112(r) must:
Answer: Develop and submit hazard assessment and emergency response plans
RMP-covered facilities must conduct hazard assessments, develop prevention programs and emergency response plans, and submit these to EPA.
The Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) is used in federal regulatory analysis to:
Answer: Quantify the economic damages from one additional ton of CO2 emissions
The Social Cost of Carbon estimates the present-value economic damages caused by one additional metric ton of CO2 emitted, used to evaluate regulatory benefits.
Which of the following best describes an 'attainment area' under the Clean Air Act?
Answer: An area where a pollutant concentration meets the NAAQS
An attainment area is one where monitored ambient concentrations of a criteria pollutant meet or are better than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
The Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) is a policy mechanism that:
Answer: Requires utilities to source a specified percentage of electricity from renewables
An RPS obligates electricity suppliers or generators to produce a minimum share of their power from eligible renewable energy sources.
Under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) means:
Answer: An Environmental Impact Statement is not required for the proposed action
A FONSI documents that an Environmental Assessment has determined the proposed federal action will not significantly affect the environment, eliminating the need for a full EIS.
Which EPA program allows a company to earn 'early reduction credits' by voluntarily reducing hazardous air pollutant emissions before the compliance deadline?
Answer: Early Reductions Program under Clean Air Act Section 112(i)(5)
Clean Air Act Section 112(i)(5) allows sources to earn a 6-year extension of the compliance deadline by achieving 90% reduction in HAP emissions before the standard takes effect.