Data Collection & Analysis Flashcards
7 cards from real EMP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Data Collection & Analysis flashcards as text
Which ASHRAE Guideline provides the standard procedure for measurement and verification of energy savings from energy conservation measures?
Answer: ASHRAE Guideline 14
ASHRAE Guideline 14 (Measurement of Energy, Demand, and Water Savings) specifies accepted M&V methods for documenting efficiency project savings.
A facility manager notices that gas consumption is higher than expected even after accounting for weather. What type of analysis would best isolate the cause?
Answer: Sub-metering and end-use disaggregation
Sub-metering breaks total consumption into end uses (HVAC, process, lighting), pinpointing which system is consuming unexpectedly more energy.
What does a 'heat map' calendar visualization of energy data reveal that a standard line chart does not?
Answer: Simultaneous day-of-week and hour-of-day consumption patterns
A calendar heat map encodes consumption intensity by color for every hour of every day, exposing two-dimensional time patterns not visible in a simple time-series plot.
When collecting energy data via a BAS (Building Automation System), what is the main advantage over manual meter reads?
Answer: BAS provides continuous automated data logging with high temporal resolution
A BAS logs sensor data automatically at short intervals (e.g., every minute), providing far more granular and continuous data than monthly manual reads.
In regression-based energy modeling, what is 'heteroscedasticity' a sign of?
Answer: The variance of residuals is not constant across all values of the predictor
Heteroscedasticity means the spread of prediction errors (residuals) changes across the range of input values, violating a key assumption of ordinary least squares regression.
Which standard defines the four options (A, B, C, D) for measurement and verification of energy savings?
Answer: IPMVP (International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol)
The IPMVP, published by EVO, defines Options A through D that differ in what is measured vs. stipulated and the boundary of the energy savings calculation.
A large manufacturing plant installs a whole-facility meter under IPMVP Option C. What is the main characteristic of this approach?
Answer: It uses whole-facility metered data to determine savings
IPMVP Option C (Whole Facility) uses utility-grade billing meter data for the entire facility to determine aggregate savings across all ECMs.