ELSA Grammar & Sentence Structure 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which sentence correctly uses a restrictive relative clause?
- The book, that she recommended, was excellent.
- The book that she recommended was excellent. (Correct answer)
- The book which she recommended, was excellent.
- The book, which she recommended was excellent.
Correct answer: The book that she recommended was excellent.
Restrictive clauses (essential to meaning) use 'that' without commas to identify which specific noun is meant.
Question 2: Choose the sentence that avoids a run-on error.
- She loves to travel she has visited thirty countries.
- She loves to travel, she has visited thirty countries.
- She loves to travel; she has visited thirty countries. (Correct answer)
- She loves to travel and she has visited thirty countries.
Correct answer: She loves to travel; she has visited thirty countries.
A semicolon correctly separates two independent clauses without a conjunction, avoiding a run-on or comma splice.
Question 3: Which option correctly uses parallel structure?
- She likes hiking, to swim, and running.
- She likes hiking, swimming, and to run.
- She likes to hike, swimming, and runs.
- She likes hiking, swimming, and running. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: She likes hiking, swimming, and running.
Parallel structure requires all items in a series to use the same grammatical form, here all gerunds.
Question 4: Identify the sentence with correct use of the present perfect tense.
- I have seen that movie last week.
- I saw that movie since it came out.
- I have seen that movie three times. (Correct answer)
- I have saw that movie already.
Correct answer: I have seen that movie three times.
Present perfect (have/has + past participle) is used for actions with a connection to the present, often with 'three times' or unspecified past time.
Question 5: Which sentence correctly uses an appositive phrase?
- My brother, a doctor works at the hospital.
- My brother a doctor, works at the hospital.
- My brother, a doctor, works at the hospital. (Correct answer)
- My brother, a doctor works, at the hospital.
Correct answer: My brother, a doctor, works at the hospital.
An appositive phrase renames the noun it follows and must be set off by commas on both sides.
Question 6: Which sentence uses 'fewer' and 'less' correctly?
- There are less students in class today.
- There are fewer water in the bottle.
- There are fewer students and less water. (Correct answer)
- There are less students and fewer water.
Correct answer: There are fewer students and less water.
'Fewer' applies to countable nouns (students) while 'less' applies to uncountable nouns (water).
Question 7: Choose the sentence with correct pronoun case after a preposition.
- The secret is between you and I.
- The secret is between you and me. (Correct answer)
- The secret is between you and myself.
- The secret is between I and you.
Correct answer: The secret is between you and me.
Prepositions require object pronouns; 'me' is the correct object form, not 'I' or 'myself.'
ELSA Grammar & Sentence Structure 3
Which sentence correctly uses a restrictive relative clause?