ELAR Foundations of Reading Instruction 2

Question 1

A teacher notices a student reads 'ship' as 'chip'. Which phonological skill is the student struggling with?

Accepted Answer

Phoneme substitution

Answer

Phoneme substitution is the ability to replace one phoneme with another, which is what the student fails to do correctly with the initial consonant blend.

Question 2

Which assessment best measures a student's orthographic knowledge?

Accepted Answer

Spelling inventory or word sort task

Answer

Spelling inventories and word sort tasks reveal how well students understand letter patterns and spelling conventions, which reflects orthographic knowledge.

Question 3

According to the Simple View of Reading, reading comprehension is the product of:

Accepted Answer

Language comprehension and decoding

Answer

The Simple View of Reading (Gough & Tunmer, 1986) defines reading comprehension as the product of decoding ability and language comprehension.

Question 4

A student can blend and segment phonemes but still struggles to read words. What is the most likely next instructional focus?

Accepted Answer

Teaching phoneme-grapheme correspondences

Answer

Phoneme-grapheme correspondence instruction bridges phonological awareness skills to actual decoding by connecting sounds to their written representations.

Question 5

Which type of text structure would a teacher address when teaching students to identify cause-and-effect relationships in expository text?

Accepted Answer

Causal structure

Answer

Causal (cause-and-effect) text structure organizes information around why events happen and what results from them, which is the focus of this instruction.

(ELAR) English Language Arts and Reading Practice Test

(ELAR) English Language Arts and Reading Practice Test

ELAR Foundations of Reading Instruction 2