EFMB EFMB Pharmacology & Medications 2

Question 1

What is the primary mechanism of action of tranexamic acid (TXA) in trauma patients?

Accepted Answer

It inhibits fibrinolysis by blocking plasminogen activation

Answer

TXA inhibits fibrinolysis by competitively blocking lysine binding sites on plasminogen, preventing the breakdown of blood clots that have already formed.

Question 2

Which medication is used to reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression in a casualty?

Accepted Answer

Naloxone (Narcan)

Answer

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that competitively displaces opioids from receptors, rapidly reversing respiratory depression, sedation, and analgesia.

Question 3

What is the recommended IV fluid rate for a conscious hemorrhagic shock patient to achieve hypotensive resuscitation?

Accepted Answer

Infuse to achieve a systolic blood pressure of 80–90 mmHg

Answer

Hypotensive resuscitation targets a systolic blood pressure of 80–90 mmHg in hemorrhagic shock to maintain perfusion while minimizing clot disruption.

Question 4

Epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) is indicated for which emergency condition?

Accepted Answer

Anaphylaxis

Answer

Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it reverses bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, and urticaria caused by severe allergic reactions.

Question 5

What is the correct route of administration for the MARK 1 autoinjector nerve agent antidote?

Accepted Answer

Intramuscular injection into the outer thigh

Answer

The MARK 1 autoinjector is designed for intramuscular injection into the outer thigh (vastus lateralis), even through clothing if necessary.

(EFMB) Expert Field Medical Badge Practice Test

(EFMB) Expert Field Medical Badge Practice Test

EFMB EFMB Pharmacology & Medications 2