EFM EFM - Electronic Fetal Monitoring Special Populations and High-Risk Conditions Questions and Answers 3

Question 1

Which EFM pattern is most classically associated with umbilical cord prolapse?

Accepted Answer

Severe prolonged deceleration that does not recover

Answer

Recurrent late decelerations with moderate variability

Answer

Mild early decelerations in active labor

Answer

Episodic accelerations only

Question 2

In a patient with maternal cardiac disease on continuous EFM, which maternal change is MOST likely to compromise fetal oxygenation during labor?

Accepted Answer

Decreased maternal cardiac output reducing uteroplacental perfusion

Answer

Maternal pain causing temporary tachycardia

Answer

Mild maternal anemia with hemoglobin of 10 g/dL

Answer

Maternal oxygen saturation of 97%

Question 3

A patient at 34 weeks with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is on EFM. Which concern is MOST elevated compared to a term patient?

Accepted Answer

Cord compression from oligohydramnios causing variable decelerations

Answer

Macrosomia-related shoulder dystocia

Answer

Post-term placental insufficiency

Answer

Maternal hypoglycemia

Question 4

In a patient with poorly controlled asthma in labor, which EFM change may occur if the mother develops acute bronchospasm?

Accepted Answer

Fetal tachycardia followed by decelerations if maternal hypoxia progresses

Answer

Immediate fetal bradycardia

Answer

No change in FHR since the placenta buffers maternal hypoxia completely

Answer

Sinusoidal pattern within minutes

Question 5

When providing EFM care for a laboring patient with sickle cell disease, the nurse should be MOST alert to which fetal risk?

Accepted Answer

Uteroplacental insufficiency from vaso-occlusive crises impairing placental blood flow

Answer

Fetal macrosomia requiring continuous monitoring

Answer

Preterm labor artifact interfering with strip quality

Answer

Maternal polycythemia causing fetal tachycardia

Question 6

For a patient in active labor with chorioamnionitis, which combination of EFM findings would MOST raise concern for fetal compromise?

Accepted Answer

Fetal tachycardia with minimal variability and late decelerations

Answer

Fetal tachycardia with moderate variability and accelerations

Answer

Early decelerations only with normal baseline

Answer

Mild variable decelerations with quick recovery and moderate variability