ECE Child Growth and Development 2

Question 1

According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary conflict children ages 3–6 must resolve?

Accepted Answer

Initiative vs. Guilt

Answer

Trust vs. Mistrust

Answer

Industry vs. Inferiority

Answer

Autonomy vs. Shame

Question 2

Which fine motor milestone is typically achieved by most children by age 5?

Accepted Answer

Cutting along a straight line with scissors

Answer

Tying shoelaces independently

Answer

Writing all lowercase letters correctly

Answer

Threading a needle

Question 3

What term describes the process by which children absorb cultural values and societal norms through family and peer interaction?

Accepted Answer

Socialization

Answer

Assimilation

Answer

Accommodation

Answer

Scaffolding

Question 4

A 2-year-old insists on doing everything 'by myself.' Which developmental domain does this behavior best reflect?

Accepted Answer

Social-emotional development

Answer

Cognitive development

Answer

Language development

Answer

Gross motor development

Question 5

Which brain development principle explains why early childhood experiences have long-lasting effects on development?

Accepted Answer

Early experiences shape neural connections during sensitive periods

Answer

Neuroplasticity declines sharply after birth

Answer

Synaptic pruning is complete by age 3

Answer

The prefrontal cortex is fully developed by age 5

Question 6

Parallel play, where children play alongside but not directly with each other, is most characteristic of which age group?

Accepted Answer

18–24 months

Answer

6–12 months

Answer

4–5 years

Answer

6–7 years

Question 7

Which theorist introduced the concept of 'scaffolding' to describe adult support of a child's learning?

Accepted Answer

Lev Vygotsky

Answer

Jean Piaget

Answer

Erik Erikson

Answer

Urie Bronfenbrenner