ECE Child Development Theories 3

Question 1

According to Piaget, children in the preoperational stage (ages 2–7) primarily demonstrate:

Accepted Answer

Symbolic thinking and egocentrism

Answer

Abstract logical reasoning

Answer

Conservation of volume and number

Answer

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Question 2

Freud's psychosexual stage theory suggests that unresolved conflicts during the oral stage may lead to:

Accepted Answer

Issues with dependency, aggression, or excessive oral habits

Answer

Obsessive cleanliness or stubbornness

Answer

Difficulties with authority and guilt

Answer

Problems with intimacy in adulthood

Question 3

Which theorist is most associated with the concept of 'attachment' and its critical role in early childhood development?

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby

Answer

B.F. Skinner

Answer

Lawrence Kohlberg

Answer

Howard Gardner

Question 4

Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation experiment identified children who showed distress when separated and were not easily comforted upon reunion as:

Accepted Answer

Anxious-ambivalent (resistant)

Answer

Securely attached

Answer

Anxious-avoidant

Answer

Disorganized

Question 5

Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences challenges the traditional view of intelligence by suggesting:

Accepted Answer

There are at least eight distinct types of intelligence

Answer

Intelligence is a single, fixed trait measured by IQ tests

Answer

Intelligence is primarily genetic and cannot be changed

Answer

Social skills are the most important form of intelligence

Question 6

In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the 'conventional' level is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Following rules to maintain social order and meet others' expectations

Answer

Avoiding punishment as the basis for moral decisions

Answer

Applying universal ethical principles regardless of laws

Answer

Seeking rewards for good behavior

Question 7

Lev Vygotsky emphasized the role of language in cognitive development because he believed:

Accepted Answer

Language is a tool for thought that mediates higher mental functions

Answer

Language develops after thought and has no influence on it

Answer

Children learn language solely through imitation

Answer

Grammar acquisition is the primary driver of cognitive growth