ECE Child Development Theories 2

Question 1

In Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, the 'zone of proximal development' (ZPD) refers to:

Accepted Answer

The gap between what a child can do alone and with guidance

Answer

Skills a child can perform independently

Answer

The range of ages at which a milestone is typical

Answer

A child's preferred learning style

Question 2

Which theorist introduced the concept of 'scaffolding' as an extension of Vygotsky's work?

Accepted Answer

Jerome Bruner

Answer

Jean Piaget

Answer

Erik Erikson

Answer

Albert Bandura

Question 3

Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model includes which system that represents the child's immediate environment, such as family and classroom?

Accepted Answer

Microsystem

Answer

Macrosystem

Answer

Exosystem

Answer

Chronosystem

Question 4

According to Piaget, 'accommodation' occurs when a child:

Accepted Answer

Modifies an existing schema to incorporate new information

Answer

Fits new information into an existing schema

Answer

Ignores information that conflicts with current beliefs

Answer

Repeats a behavior that produces a pleasurable result

Question 5

Erik Erikson's stage 'Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt' typically occurs during which age range?

Accepted Answer

18 months to 3 years

Answer

Birth to 18 months

Answer

3 to 6 years

Answer

6 to 12 years

Question 6

In Bandura's social learning theory, 'self-efficacy' refers to:

Accepted Answer

One's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors needed to achieve goals

Answer

A child's ability to delay gratification

Answer

The tendency to imitate a same-sex model

Answer

Reinforcement provided by social approval

Question 7

Which of the following best describes Bronfenbrenner's 'exosystem'?

Accepted Answer

Settings the child never directly experiences but that affect them indirectly

Answer

The cultural values and laws that broadly influence development

Answer

The child's relationships with family and teachers

Answer

Changes in the child's environment over time