ECE Child Development and Learning 2

Question 1

According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, which system refers to the immediate environment a child directly interacts with, such as home and school?

Accepted Answer

Microsystem

Answer

The microsystem is the innermost layer of Bronfenbrenner's model and includes the settings where a child has direct, face-to-face interactions.

Question 2

A toddler who uses a blanket to represent a cape during dramatic play is demonstrating which cognitive milestone?

Accepted Answer

Symbolic thinking

Answer

Symbolic thinking, or representational thought, emerges in Piaget's preoperational stage and allows children to use one object to stand for another.

Question 3

Which theorist introduced the concept of the 'zone of proximal development' (ZPD)?

Accepted Answer

Lev Vygotsky

Answer

Vygotsky defined the ZPD as the distance between what a child can do independently and what they can do with skilled assistance.

Question 4

An infant who searches for a toy hidden under a blanket is demonstrating the achievement of:

Accepted Answer

Object permanence

Answer

Object permanence, typically emerging around 8–12 months, is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight.

Question 5

In Erikson's psychosocial theory, the central crisis for preschool-aged children (ages 3–6) is:

Accepted Answer

Initiative vs. Guilt

Answer

During the Initiative vs. Guilt stage, children begin to assert power and control and learn to take initiative in planning activities.

(ECE) Early Childhood Education Certificate Practice Test

(ECE) Early Childhood Education Certificate Practice Test

ECE Child Development and Learning 2