Risk Assessment & Management Flashcards
7 cards from real ECC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Risk Assessment & Management flashcards as text
Which parameter is used to calculate a patient's estimated GFR for bleeding and contrast nephropathy risk before cardiac catheterization?
Answer: Serum creatinine and patient demographics
eGFR is calculated from serum creatinine, age, sex, and race (CKD-EPI or MDRD formula) to assess renal function before contrast administration.
What is the primary purpose of a de Winter T-wave pattern on a 12-lead ECG?
Answer: It represents a STEMI equivalent indicating proximal LAD occlusion
De Winter T-waves (upsloping ST depression + tall peaked T-waves in precordial leads) are a STEMI equivalent for proximal LAD occlusion requiring immediate reperfusion.
A 70-year-old patient with NSTEMI has Killip Class III on admission. What does this classification imply for mortality risk?
Answer: High risk; clinical HF with bilateral rales >50% of lung fields indicates significant pump failure
Killip Class III (bilateral rales >½ lung fields or pulmonary edema) carries approximately 44% in-hospital mortality, far exceeding Class I or II.
When stratifying chest pain patients with the Canadian ACS Risk Scoring system, which of the following is NOT a component?
Answer: Prior history of deep vein thrombosis
DVT history is not a component of the Canadian ACS Score; the tool uses age, diaphoresis, radiation patterns, and other ischemic features.
Which intervention most effectively reduces the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in high-risk cardiac patients?
Answer: IV isotonic saline hydration before and after the procedure
Adequate IV isotonic saline hydration (1–1.5 mL/kg/hr) before and after contrast exposure is the most evidence-based strategy to prevent CI-AKI.
A patient in VF is resuscitated after 15 minutes of CPR. Post-ROSC ECG shows acute STEMI. What is the next risk management priority?
Answer: Emergent coronary angiography with PCI for culprit vessel
Post-cardiac arrest STEMI requires emergent PCI regardless of neurological status, as coronary reperfusion improves both survival and neurological recovery.
What is the significance of a new right bundle branch block (RBBB) with anterior ST elevation in a patient with chest pain?
Answer: It may indicate proximal LAD occlusion and is a high-risk STEMI equivalent
New RBBB with anterior ST elevation can indicate extensive anterior STEMI involving the proximal LAD, requiring emergent reperfusion therapy.