EAWS - Enlisted Aviation Warfare Specialist First Aid and CPR Questions and Answers — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to the EAWS PQS, which of the following are the three primary objectives of first aid?
- Diagnose the injury, transport the victim, and file a report
- Prevent further injury, prevent infection, and prevent the loss of life (Correct answer)
- Stop bleeding, splint fractures, and administer medication
- Assess the scene, call for help, and provide comfort
Correct answer: Prevent further injury, prevent infection, and prevent the loss of life
The fundamental goals of providing first aid are to keep the victim's condition from worsening, protect them from contamination, and take necessary steps to save their life. These are often summarized as preventing further injury, infection, and loss of life.
Question 2: A fellow sailor on the flight deck suffers a deep laceration to their forearm that is bleeding profusely. After applying direct pressure, which of the following is the next recommended step for controlling the bleeding?
- Immediately apply a tourniquet above the wound
- Apply pressure to the brachial pressure point (Correct answer)
- Lower the arm below the heart
- Clean the wound with hydrogen peroxide
Correct answer: Apply pressure to the brachial pressure point
The four methods for controlling bleeding are direct pressure, elevation, pressure points, and tourniquet (as a last resort). After direct pressure, applying pressure to the appropriate pressure point (in this case, the brachial artery in the upper arm) is a standard procedure to reduce blood flow to the limb.
Question 3: During CPR on an adult victim, what is the correct sequence of actions according to current American Heart Association guidelines adopted by the Navy?
- Airway, Breathing, Compressions (A-B-C)
- Breathing, Compressions, Airway (B-C-A)
- Compressions, Airway, Breathing (C-A-B) (Correct answer)
- Airway, Compressions, Breathing (A-C-B)
Correct answer: Compressions, Airway, Breathing (C-A-B)
Modern CPR guidelines have shifted the sequence from the old A-B-C (Airway, Breathing, Chest compressions) to C-A-B (Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing). This change emphasizes the critical importance of initiating chest compressions as quickly as possible to maintain circulation.
Question 4: A maintainer accidentally touches a hot exhaust component and receives a burn that is red, blistered, and causes severe pain. How would this burn be classified?
- First-degree
- Fourth-degree
- Superficial
- Second-degree (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Second-degree
Burns are classified by their depth. A first-degree burn is red and painful. A second-degree burn involves blistering and severe pain. A third-degree burn destroys all layers of the skin and may be painless due to nerve damage. The presence of blisters indicates a second-degree burn.
Question 5: Which of the following is the most appropriate immediate action for a shipmate who has fainted but is still breathing?
- Force them to drink water immediately
- Shake them vigorously to restore consciousness
- Have them sit with their head between their knees or lie them down (Correct answer)
- Prop them up into a sitting position against a bulkhead
Correct answer: Have them sit with their head between their knees or lie them down
For a simple fainting spell where the victim is conscious or regaining consciousness and is breathing, the primary goal is to improve blood flow to the brain. Having the person sit with their head between their knees or, more effectively, lying them down (and possibly elevating their legs) accomplishes this.
Question 6: What is the recommended ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths for single-rescuer adult CPR?
- 15 compressions to 2 breaths
- 30 compressions to 2 breaths (Correct answer)
- 5 compressions to 1 breath
- 10 compressions to 1 breath
Correct answer: 30 compressions to 2 breaths
The standard, universally accepted ratio for single-rescuer CPR on an adult is 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths. This cycle is repeated until an AED is available, the person shows signs of life, or EMS personnel take over.
EAWS - Enlisted Aviation Warfare Specialist First Aid and CPR Questions and Answers
According to the EAWS PQS, which of the following are the three primary objectives of first aid?