DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine MCQ 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A horse presents with acute colic, borborygmi absent, and gas distension on rectal exam. Trocarization is performed on the cecum. Which condition does this most suggest?
- Left dorsal displacement of the large colon
- Cecal tympany/impaction (Correct answer)
- Small intestinal volvulus
- Duodenitis-proximal jejunitis
Correct answer: Cecal tympany/impaction
Cecal tympany presents with right flank distension, absent cecal borborygmi, and gas confirmed on rectal palpation, often managed with trocarization.
Question 2: Which protozoan parasite is an obligate intracellular pathogen transmitted by ingestion of oocysts and causes neosporosis (abortion storms) in cattle?
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Neospora caninum (Correct answer)
- Sarcocystis neurona
- Cryptosporidium parvum
Correct answer: Neospora caninum
Neospora caninum, with dogs as the definitive host and cattle as intermediate hosts, is the most common infectious cause of bovine abortion in the US.
Question 3: In small animal surgery, which suture pattern provides the greatest resistance to leakage when used for intestinal anastomosis?
- Simple continuous appositional (Correct answer)
- Cushing pattern
- Lembert pattern
- Connell pattern
Correct answer: Simple continuous appositional
Simple continuous appositional patterns provide the best luminal diameter preservation and comparable or superior leak resistance compared to inverting patterns for intestinal anastomosis.
Question 4: A dog presents with acute onset seizures, salivation, miosis, and muscle fasciculations after being in a garage. Which toxin is most likely?
- Ethylene glycol
- Bromethalin
- Organophosphate (Correct answer)
- Xylitol
Correct answer: Organophosphate
Organophosphate toxicity causes cholinergic crisis: SLUDGE signs (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, GI distress, emesis) plus nicotinic effects like muscle fasciculations.
Question 5: Which diagnostic test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing hypothyroidism in dogs?
- Total T4 (TT4)
- Free T4 by equilibrium dialysis (fT4 by ED) (Correct answer)
- TSH stimulation test
- Thyroid biopsy
Correct answer: Free T4 by equilibrium dialysis (fT4 by ED)
Free T4 measured by equilibrium dialysis (fT4 by ED) is the most accurate single test for canine hypothyroidism because it is unaffected by concurrent illness or drugs.
Question 6: Which respiratory pathogen causes 'shipping fever' pneumonia in feedlot cattle, often as a secondary pathogen after viral infection?
- Mycoplasma bovis
- Mannheimia haemolytica (Correct answer)
- Histophilus somni
- Pasteurella multocida type A
Correct answer: Mannheimia haemolytica
Mannheimia haemolytica is the primary bacterial pathogen in bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), producing leukotoxin that destroys alveolar macrophages.
Question 7: A rabbit presents with sudden death and hemorrhagic discharge from the nose. Necropsy reveals hepatic necrosis. Which disease is most likely?
- Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHDV2) (Correct answer)
- Myxomatosis
- Pasteurellosis
- Tularemia
Correct answer: Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHDV2)
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV2) causes peracute death with disseminated intravascular coagulation, hemorrhage from orifices, and massive hepatic necrosis.
DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine MCQ 4
A horse presents with acute colic, borborygmi absent, and gas distension on rectal exam.
Trocarization is performed on the cecum.
Which condition does this most suggest?