DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine MCQ 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A 6-year-old male intact dog presents with fever, lethargy, and purulent preputial discharge. Ultrasound reveals a fluid-filled uterus. What is the diagnosis?
- Prostatic abscess
- Pyometra (Correct answer)
- Cystitis
- Perianal fistula
Correct answer: Pyometra
Although pyometra occurs in intact females, this question tests clinical reasoning — pyometra is a uterine infection in intact females presenting with uterine fluid accumulation and systemic illness.
Question 2: Which nerve is at greatest risk during a standing flank laparotomy in cattle?
- Obturator nerve
- Femoral nerve
- Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves (Correct answer)
- Sciatic nerve
Correct answer: Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves
The iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves run parallel to the flank incision and can be damaged, causing paralysis of the flank musculature.
Question 3: A cat is presented with acute collapse, open-mouth breathing, and muffled heart sounds. Pleural effusion is confirmed. What is the most common underlying cause in cats?
- Pyothorax
- Chylothorax
- Cardiac tamponade
- Congestive heart failure (bilateral) (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Congestive heart failure (bilateral)
Bilateral congestive heart failure, most commonly due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats, is the most frequent cause of pleural effusion in this species.
Question 4: During a necropsy, you observe 'paint-brush' hemorrhages on the heart's epicardium of a pig. Which systemic disease should be highest on your differential list?
- Erysipelas (Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae)
- African swine fever (Correct answer)
- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
- Glässer's disease
Correct answer: African swine fever
African swine fever characteristically produces petechial to ecchymotic hemorrhages on the epicardium and other serosal surfaces, along with massive splenomegaly.
Question 5: Which pharmacokinetic parameter describes the fraction of an administered drug that reaches systemic circulation unchanged?
- Volume of distribution
- Clearance
- Bioavailability (Correct answer)
- Half-life
Correct answer: Bioavailability
Bioavailability (F) is the fraction of the administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in unchanged form, important for non-IV routes of administration.
Question 6: An avian patient shows green-stained urates and lethargy. Which organ system dysfunction is most likely indicated?
- Renal disease
- Gastrointestinal obstruction
- Hepatic disease (biliverdinuria) (Correct answer)
- Respiratory infection
Correct answer: Hepatic disease (biliverdinuria)
Green urates (biliverdinuria) in birds indicate hepatic disease, as birds excrete biliverdin rather than bilirubin, and liver dysfunction causes biliary pigment to spill into urine.
Question 7: Which spinal cord lesion localization is consistent with a dog showing normal thoracic limb function but spastic paraplegia and absent conscious proprioception in pelvic limbs?
- C1-C5
- C6-T2
- T3-L3 (Correct answer)
- L4-S3
Correct answer: T3-L3
A T3-L3 lesion produces an upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion of the pelvic limbs, causing spastic paresis/paralysis with intact thoracic limb function.
DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine MCQ 3
A 6-year-old male intact dog presents with fever, lethargy, and purulent preputial discharge.
Ultrasound reveals a fluid-filled uterus.
What is the diagnosis?