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Anesthesia and Pain Management Flashcards

7 cards from real DVM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Anesthesia and Pain Management flashcards as text

  1. Which opioid is MOST appropriate for providing intraoperative analgesia in a dog undergoing a painful orthopedic procedure?

    Answer: Morphine

    Morphine is a full mu-opioid agonist providing superior analgesia for painful procedures compared to the partial agonist buprenorphine or the mixed agonist-antagonist butorphanol.

  2. A cat develops bronchospasm immediately after induction with ketamine and is placed on oxygen. What is the MOST likely contributing factor?

    Answer: Ketamine-induced laryngospasm in cats

    Cats are particularly prone to laryngospasm, and ketamine increases salivary and bronchial secretions, predisposing them to airway obstruction.

  3. Which monitoring parameter BEST reflects the adequacy of ventilation during general anesthesia?

    Answer: End-tidal CO2 (EtCO2)

    EtCO2 directly reflects alveolar ventilation and CO2 elimination, making it the best indicator of ventilation adequacy.

  4. A horse under general anesthesia develops hypotension (MAP < 60 mmHg). After ensuring adequate depth of anesthesia, what is the FIRST-LINE treatment?

    Answer: IV crystalloid fluid bolus

    IV fluid bolus is the first-line intervention to restore preload and correct anesthesia-induced vasodilation or hypovolemia before adding inotropes.

  5. Which local anesthetic has the LONGEST duration of action when used for a peripheral nerve block?

    Answer: Bupivacaine

    Bupivacaine has the longest duration of action among commonly used local anesthetics, typically lasting 4–8 hours for nerve blocks.

  6. During an anesthetic episode, a dog's EtCO2 suddenly drops from 45 to 15 mmHg while heart rate and blood pressure remain stable. What is the MOST likely cause?

    Answer: Disconnection of the breathing circuit

    A sudden near-zero EtCO2 with stable cardiovascular parameters strongly suggests a circuit disconnect, as no CO2 is sampled from the patient.

  7. Which drug class is used as a constant rate infusion (CRI) to provide balanced anesthesia and reduce inhalant requirements via the concept of multimodal analgesia?

    Answer: NMDA receptor antagonists

    NMDA receptor antagonists such as ketamine CRI reduce the MAC of inhalants and prevent central sensitization as part of multimodal analgesia.