DSE - Data Science Big Data Technologies Questions and Answers

Question 1

In the context of the "3 V's" of Big Data, which "V" refers to the different forms of data, such as structured (e.g., database tables), semi-structured (e.g., JSON, XML), and unstructured (e.g., text, images, video)?

Accepted Answer

Variety

Answer

Volume

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Veracity

Question 2

A data engineering team is migrating a legacy data processing pipeline from Hadoop MapReduce to Apache Spark to improve performance for iterative machine learning algorithms. What is the primary architectural advantage of Spark that enables this significant speedup?

Accepted Answer

In-memory data processing, which avoids slow disk I/O between steps.

Answer

Superior fault tolerance through data replication.

Answer

A more efficient distributed file system than HDFS.

Answer

Native support for the Python programming language.

Question 3

What is the primary role of Apache YARN (Yet Another Resource Negotiator) within the Hadoop 2.x and later ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Managing cluster resources (CPU, memory) and scheduling jobs for various processing frameworks.

Answer

Storing large files by splitting them into blocks and distributing them across the cluster.

Answer

Providing a SQL-like query interface for data stored in HDFS.

Answer

Executing the core data processing logic in a parallel, distributed manner.

Question 4

A large retail company wants to create a central repository to store vast amounts of raw, unstructured data from various sources, including social media feeds, web server logs, and IoT sensor data. The data will be used by data scientists for exploratory analysis without a predefined schema. Which of the following solutions is best suited for this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Data Lake

Answer

Relational Data Warehouse

Answer

In-memory Database

Answer

OLTP Database

Question 5

Which of the following technologies is primarily designed as a distributed, fault-tolerant, and high-throughput messaging system used to ingest and publish real-time streams of data?

Accepted Answer

Apache Kafka

Answer

Apache Spark

Answer

HDFS

Answer

Apache Hive

Question 6

A social media application needs a database to store user profiles, posts, and the complex relationships between users (e.g., friendships, follows). Queries will frequently involve traversing these relationships, such as finding 'friends of friends.' Which type of NoSQL database is specifically designed to handle this type of data model and query pattern efficiently?

Accepted Answer

Graph Database

Answer

Key-Value Store

Answer

Document Database

Answer

Column-Family Store