DPT Cardiovascular & Pulmonary PT 4

Question 1

A patient with COPD is prescribed pursed-lip breathing. What is the primary physiological mechanism by which this technique improves oxygenation?

Accepted Answer

It creates back pressure that prevents dynamic airway collapse during expiration

Answer

It increases inspiratory muscle strength over time

Answer

It increases the rate of carbon dioxide elimination

Answer

It recruits accessory muscles to augment tidal volume

Question 2

Which ECG finding during a graded exercise test is considered a significant positive finding for myocardial ischemia?

Accepted Answer

Horizontal or downsloping ST depression of ≥1 mm

Answer

Sinus tachycardia with HR exceeding 150 bpm

Answer

Premature atrial contractions increasing with exercise

Answer

Increase in P wave amplitude in inferior leads

Question 3

A patient with lymphedema of the left arm is being seen for cardiac rehab after left-sided breast cancer treatment. Which intervention is CONTRAINDICATED?

Accepted Answer

Vigorous vigorous heat application to the affected limb

Answer

Complete decongestive therapy with multilayer bandaging

Answer

Compression garments during aerobic exercise

Answer

Progressive resistive exercise with compression garment

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of the inspiratory-to-expiratory (I:E) ratio adjustment in mechanical ventilation weaning?

Accepted Answer

Allow adequate expiration time to prevent intrinsic PEEP in obstructive disease

Answer

Increase mean airway pressure to recruit atelectatic alveoli

Answer

Reduce patient discomfort by synchronizing with natural breathing pattern

Answer

Decrease FiO2 requirements by improving alveolar ventilation

Question 5

A patient with cor pulmonale demonstrates jugular venous distension, peripheral edema, and hepatomegaly. Which chamber is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Right ventricle due to chronic pulmonary hypertension

Answer

Left atrium due to mitral regurgitation

Answer

Left ventricle due to systolic dysfunction

Answer

Both ventricles equally due to biventricular failure

Question 6

Which breath sound is described as a continuous, musical, high-pitched sound heard primarily during expiration and indicates airway narrowing?

Accepted Answer

Wheeze

Answer

Crackles (rales)

Answer

Rhonchi

Answer

Stridor

Question 7

During postural drainage for a patient with left lower lobe bronchiectasis, which position is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Right side-lying with foot of bed elevated 18 inches

Answer

Right side-lying with head elevated 30 degrees

Answer

Supine with pillow under the hips

Answer

High Fowler's position with left arm elevated